Page 23 - 南京医科大学学报自然科学版

第42卷第5期 南京医科大学学报（自然科学版）
2022年5月 Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Natural Sciences） ·619 ·

·基础研究·

高脂饮食影响小鼠空回肠上皮功能的差异性研究

金 燚，俞 静，夏 凡，丁国宪 *
南京医科大学第一附属医院老年医学科，江苏 南京 210029

［摘 要］ 目的：研究高脂饮食对小鼠空肠和回肠上皮功能的不同影响。方法：8周龄C57BL/6J雄性小鼠共40只，随机分为
两组，分别给予正常饮食和高脂饮食喂养3个月。留取小鼠空肠和回肠组织，HE染色观察空肠和回肠上皮绒毛、隐窝形态变
化；PAS染色观察杯状细胞数量变化；分离小肠上皮隐窝单位进行体外3D类器官培养，观察类器官增殖率及类器官分化程度；
荧光定量PCR检测空回肠上皮凋亡基因表达。结果：高脂饮食对小鼠空肠和回肠的绒毛长度和杯状细胞数量都无明显影响，
但隐窝深度显著变浅。体外3D类器官培养结果发现，高脂饮食导致空肠上皮干细胞分化能力下降，而回肠干细胞分化能力却
显著增加；两种上皮细胞的凋亡均显著减少。结论：高脂饮食导致小鼠空回肠上皮功能发生变化，而且对空、回肠上皮干细胞
分化能力的影响不同。
［关键词］ 高脂饮食；空肠上皮；回肠上皮；类器官；凋亡
［中图分类号］ R333.6 ［文献标志码］ A ［文章编号］ 1007⁃4368（2022）05⁃619⁃07
doi：10.7655/NYDXBNS20220503

Effect of high fat diet on jejunum and ileal epithelial function in mice

*
JIN Yi，YU Jin，XIA Fan，DING Guoxian
Department of Geriatric Endocrinology，the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 210029，
China

［Abstract］ Objective：This study aims to observe the effect of high fat diet on jejunal and ileal epithelial function in mice. Methods：
A total of 40 male C57BL/6J mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into two groups and fed with normal chowdiet and high⁃fat diet
respectively for 3 months. Jejunum and ileum tissues were collected from mice，and the morphological changes of villi and crypts in
jejunum and ileum were detectedby H&E staining. PAS staining was used to detect the number of goblet cells. Crypt units were isolated
for primary 3D organoid culture in vitro，and the percentage of organoid per crypt ratio and the number of crypt⁃domains per organoid
were observed. The expression of apoptotic genes in jejunum and ileum were determined by PCR. Results：The villus length and goblet
cell number of jejunum and ileum were not significantly affected by high fat diet，but the crypt depth was significantly shallower. The
results of 3D organoid culture in vitro showed that the differentiation ability of jejunal epithelial stem cells decreased，but that of ileal
stem cells increased significantly. And apoptosis of both kinds of epithelial cells was significantly reduced. Conclusion：High fat diet
changed the function of jejunal and ileal epithelial cells in mice，and had different effects on the differentiation ability of jejunal and
ileal epithelial stem cells.
［Key words］ highfat diet；jejunal epithelium；ileal epithelium；organoid；apoptosis
［J Nanjing Med Univ，2022，42（05）：619⁃624，665］

随着社会经济的发展，高能量、高脂肪、低膳食 摄入过多，超过能量消耗导致的。而几乎所有的能
纤维食物摄入显著增加，导致全球肥胖及 2 型糖尿 量摄入都发生在肠道 。目前关于高脂饮食（high
［1］
病、冠心病、脑卒中等并发症发病率逐年上升，带来 fat diet，HFD）对肠道功能影响的研究，结果不完全
了沉重的社会和经济负担。肥胖是由于长期能量 一致 ［2-3］ 。

［基 金 项 目］ 国 家 自 然 科 学 基 金（81870613，82071579） 肠道是接触食物的重要器官，因此肠道功能紊
［4］
∗ 乱是 HFD 导致疾病发生的主要原因 。然而，许多
通信作者（Corresponding author），E⁃mail：dinggx@njmu.edu.cn