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第43卷第8期
               ·1060 ·                           南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2023年8月


              50%,睾丸病理切片显示实验组小鼠精子形成障碍,                          [6] GENNARINO V A,SINGH R K,WHITE J J,et al. Pum⁃
              无长形精子形成,且睾丸生精细胞凋亡增多、增殖                                 ilio1 haploinsufficiency leads to SCA1⁃like neurodegener⁃
              减慢。在实验组成年小鼠中,Pumilio仍然得到了有                             ation by increasing wild ⁃ type Ataxin1 levels[J]. Cell,
              效敲除,但小鼠及小鼠的精子发生未见明显异常。                                 2015,160(6):1087-1098
                                                                [7] SILVA I L Z,KOHATA A A,SHIGUNOV P. Modulation
              说明成年小鼠 Pum1 和 Pum2 的双敲未引起个体明
                                                                     and function of Pumilio proteins in cancer[J]. Semin Can⁃
              显异常,为Pumilio作为肿瘤治疗靶蛋白的研究奠定
                                                                     cer Biol,2022,86(3):298-309
              了实验基础。                                            [8] GUAN X,CHEN S,LIU Y,et al. PUM1 promotes ovarian
                  Pumilio 通过不同途径调控多种肿瘤的发生发                           cancer proliferation,migration and invasion[J]. Biochem
              展,Pum1 和/或 Pum2 在肿瘤细胞中的降低,可影响                          Biophys Res Commun,2018,497:313-318
              肿瘤的生长,因此降低体内Pumilio表达水平来治疗                        [9] DAI H,JIANG Y,LUO Y,et al. Triptolide enhances
                                                                     TRAIL sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells by activating
              肿瘤疾病是一种理论可行的手段。然而,Pumilio
              在哺乳动物多组织器官中表达,降低 Pumilio 表达                            autophagy via downregulation of PUM1[J]. Phytomedi⁃
                                                                     cine,2019,62:152953
              是否影响个体的重要功能仍不清楚。本研究建立
                                                                [10] LI X,YANG J,CHEN X,et al. PUM1 represses CDKN1B
              了一个出生后他莫昔芬诱导敲除 Pumilio 的小鼠模
                                                                     translation and contributes to prostate cancer progression
              型,为Pumilio作为肿瘤治疗靶蛋白的研究提供了研                            [J]. J Biomed Res,2021,35:371-382
              究模型和理论基础。                                         [11] SHI P,ZHANG J,LI X,et al. Long non ⁃ coding RNA
                  本研究还有很多不足之处,比如敲除效率很难                               NORAD inhibition upregulates microRNA ⁃ 323a ⁃ 3p to
              继续提高,他莫昔芬诱导性基因敲除系统是一种依                                 suppress tumorigenesis and development of breast cancer
              赖雌激素受体的基因敲除系统,不同脏器中雌激                                  through the PUM1/eIF2 axis[J]. Cell Cycle,2021,20:
              素受体的表达丰度、血流量和敏感程度等存在差                                  1295-1307
                                                                [12] LIU Q,XIN C,CHEN Y,et al. PUM1 Is Overexpressed in
              异,因此各脏器呈现出不同程度的基因敲除。但
                                                                     colon cancer cells with acquired resistance to cetuximab
              是本系统中大脑、小脑敲除效率如此低,甚至蛋白
                                                                    [J]. Front Cell Dev Biol,2021,9:696558
              反常上升的现象还是出乎预料的,其他研究发现
                                                                [13] DING Y,YUAN X,GU W. Circular RNA RBM33 contrib⁃
              R26⁃CreER 敲除系统能够顺利敲除大脑中的相关                             utes to cervical cancer progression via modulation of the
                        T2
              基因  [18] ,这提示Pum1在大脑中可能具有特殊性,靠                         miR⁃758⁃3p/PUM2 axis[J]. J Mol Histol,2021,52:173-
              腹腔注射难以得到大脑中稳定且高效的敲除。                                   185
                                                                [14] LI Q,LI C,CHEN J,et al. High expression of long non⁃
             [参考文献]
                                                                     coding RNA NORAD indicates a poor prognosis and pro⁃
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                   binding proteins:does evolutionarily conserved structure  cer[J]. Urol Oncol,2018,36(310):e315-e322
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                  [J]. Mol Biol Cell,2018,29(24):2922-2932           vates the progression of cervical cancer by binding PUM2
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                  [J]. Curr Biol,2012,22(5):420-425                  inhibited the malignant biological behaviors of breast can⁃
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                   2434-2450.e6                                      al complement C3 lowering in adult mice protects hippo⁃
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                   al. A mild PUM1 mutation is associated with adult⁃onset  17(Suppl 3):e057867
                   ataxia,whereas haploinsufficiency causes developmental                 [收稿日期] 2022-10-29
                   delay and seizures[J]. Cell,2018,172(5):924-936                             (本文编辑:唐      震)
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