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第44卷第10期 李飞阳,许鹏飞,李大可. 自主神经系统与癌症相互作用的研究进展[J].
2024年10月 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2024,44(10):1408-1418 ·1413 ·
(续表1)
Experimental
Cancer type Neurotype Effect Mechanism of action
method
Breast cancer Sympathetic nerve Propranolol Promote cancer Increasing the expression of PD⁃1, PD⁃L1 and FOXP3 [13]
development
Isoproterenol Stimulating M2 type TAM to secrete VEGF and pro⁃
mote angiogenesis [18] ;simulating β2AR;the expression
of RANKL ligand in bone marrow stromal cells promo⁃
[32]
ting bone metastasis
Parasympathetic Vagus nerve Inhibit cancer Decreasing the expression of PD⁃1 and PD⁃L1 [13]
nerve transection development
Gastric cancer Sympathetic nerve - Inhibit cancer -
development
Parasympathetic Vagus nerve Promote cancer CHRM3⁃Wnt signaling pathway and stem cell expan⁃
[35]
nerve transection development sion
Botulinum toxin Stimulating tumor secretion of NGF ⁃ TrK signaling
[37]
type A pathway
Colorectal cancer Sympathetic nerve - Inhibit/promote β2AR significantly correlated with tumor grade,size,
cancer infiltration and lymph node metastasis [15-16]
development
[38]
Parasympathetic Bethanechol treat⁃ Promote cancer α9⁃nAChR inncreasing the expression of MMP
nerve ment development
+
Melanoma Sympathetic nerve Cold exposure Promote cancer Decreasing the expression of PD⁃1 in CD8 T cells;
development increasing the expression of IFN⁃γ [23]
Propranolol
6⁃OHDA
Liver cancer Sympathetic nerve - Promote cancer - [14]
development
Parasympathetic - Promote cancer -
nerve development
Cervical cancer Sympathetic nerve Catecholamine Promote cancer Stimulating β2AR,upregulating Sirt1,and producing
[34]
development chemotherapy resistance
Head and neck Sympathetic nerve 6⁃OHDA Promote cancer Decreasing miR⁃34a;peripheral sensory nerves differe⁃
oral squamous development niating into adrenergic nerves [9]
cell carcinoma
[17]
Leukemia Sympathetic nerve Neuroprotective Promote cancer Stimulating β2AR⁃JAK2⁃MPN
agents development
-:Not mentioned in the article.
α9⁃nAChR 促进结直肠癌的进展 [15] 。对肝癌患者样 要的蛋白质,其中神经生长因子(nerve growth fac⁃
本的研究表明副交感神经标志物囊泡乙酰胆碱转 tor,NGF)是最重要的成员,它有两种受体:高亲和力
运 体(vesicular acetylcholine transporter,VAChT)的 受体酪氨酸激酶 A(tyrosime kinase A,TrkA)和低亲
高表达会加快肝癌进展,与较差的临床结局相关 。 和力受体p75NTR。在肿瘤微环境中,NGF过度分泌
[14]
[44]
因此,副交感神经在多种肿瘤细胞的增殖、转移以 促进了癌细胞和神经细胞的增殖与迁移 。胰腺癌
及耐药中同样发挥着重要作用。 细胞在营养匮乏时分泌NGF,驱使神经元细胞轴突
[45]
释放丝氨酸,从而为胰腺癌细胞提供营养支持 。神
3 神经活性分子
经营养因子及其受体参与了肿瘤细胞和神经细胞
3.1 神经营养因子 之间的信号传导。在儿茶酚胺的作用下,肿瘤细胞
神经营养因子是神经元生存和发育中至关重 可以分泌另一个重要的神经营养因子 BDNF,进而

