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第45卷第10期         邵文慧,宋佳成,张爱宁,等. 临床特征联合IVIM⁃DWI参数对冻融胚胎移植患者早期妊娠结
                 2025年10月             局的预测价值[J]. 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2025,45(10):1476-1486                  ·1477 ·


                perfusion fraction f)were extracted using FireVoxel software,with histogram data generated via SPSS. Student’s t⁃test,Pearson’s chi⁃
                square test,or Fisher’s exact test were employed to compare differences in clinical characteristics,MRI features,and IVIM⁃DWI
                parameters between the clinical pregnancy group and the non⁃pregnant group . Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were
                constructed to quantify diagnostic performance using area under the curve(AUC)measurements,with statistical comparisons performed
                by DeLong’s test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between relevant indicators and clinical
                pregnancy outcomes. Results:The clinical pregnancy group comprised 42 cases,while the non⁃pregnanct group had 28 cases. The
                proportion of high⁃quality embryos in the clinical pregnancy group was higher than that in the non⁃pregnanct group[76.2% vs. 46.4%,
                                        *
                P=0.011]. The junctional zone D mean was significantly higher in the clinical pregnancy group than that in the non⁃pregnancy group
               (45.233 ± 7.930 vs. 41.223 ± 6.369,P=0.029). ROC analysis revealed that embryo quality(high⁃grade embryos)predicted pregnancy
                                                                                   *
                success with an AUC of 0.65(sensitivity 53.6%,specificity 73.2%),while junctional zone D mean achieved an AUC of 0.68(sensitivity
                                                                               *
                73.8%,specificity 67.9%). The combination of embryo quality and junctional zone D mean demonstrated superior predictive efficacy
                                                                *
                                                                           -3
                                                                               2
               (AUC=0.73,sensitivity 82.1%,specificity 60.0%). Junction zone D mean< 43.33×10 mm /s was identified as an independent risk factor
                for successful clinical pregnancy(OR=0.2,P=0.003). Conclusion:IVIM ⁃ DWI enables noninvasive assessment of microcirculatory
                                                                                   *
                perfusion characteristics of FET patients. Combining embryo quality with junctional zone D mean enhances the prediction of clinical
                pregnancy outcomes.
               [Key words] in vitro fertilization⁃embryo transfer;magnetic resonance imaging;intravoxel incoherent motion;pregnancy outcome
                                                                            [J Nanjing Med Univ,2025,45(10):1476⁃1486]






                    2023年我国不孕不育患者约占成年人口的1/6,                      流指数(vascularization flow index,VFI)均显著高于
                并呈逐年上升趋势 。体外受精⁃胚胎移植(in vitro                      未妊娠组。但是作为胚胎着床接触部位,内膜及
                                 [1]
                fertilization⁃embryo transfer,IVF⁃ET)是目前治疗不       内膜下微血流灌注也是影响妊娠结局的最直接因
                                                                    [9]
                                                           [2]
                孕不育的主要手段,但移植成功率仅 45%~57% 。                        素 。然而超声直接评估内膜微循环血流灌注的能
                而冻融胚胎移植(frozen embryo transfer,FET)作为             力有限,有研究者用超声微泡造影对子宫内膜微循
                IVF⁃ET的重要补充技术,尽管可规避卵巢过度刺激                         环血流灌注进行评估,不孕症患者子宫内膜及内膜
                风险,但其成功率仍受限于胚胎质量与子宫内膜容                            下微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)显著低于
                                                       [3]                [10]
                受性(endometrial receptivity,ER)的协同作用 。ER           健康女性       。但是超声微泡造影是有创检查,且需
                是指子宫内膜允许胚胎定位、黏附、侵入,并使之着                           要注射造影剂,不适合在临近移植日进行检,超声
                床的能力。ER 的核心在于子宫内膜微循环灌注状                           检查对操作者经验依赖性也较高。因此,临床上急
                态及血流动力学特征,尤其是在种植窗(window of                       需无创、安全可靠、高效准确评估ER的检查手段。
                implantation,WOI)期间,子宫内膜的血管重塑能力                       磁共振(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)成像
                                    [4]
                直接影响胚胎着床效率 。因此,精准评估ER并预                           因其多方位、多序列、多参数成像的特点对子宫内
                测 FET 妊娠结局,对优化移植时机、提升妊娠率具                         膜形态学及功能学改变具有特殊的成像优势。随
                有重要临床意义。                                          着 MRI 功能序列的发展,如弥散加权成像(diffusion
                    超声因其无创性、安全性、实时性等优势,被认                         weighted imaging,DWI)、体素内不相关运动弥散成
                为是评估ER的首选方法           [5-6] 。前期研究主要基于多            像(intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion⁃weighted im⁃

                普勒超声对子宫动脉、脐动脉等大血管的评估。Sliva                        aging,IVIM⁃DWI)等成像技术从微观层面观察子宫
                等 发现,在整个妊娠过程中,成功妊娠妇女的子                            内膜微结构以及微循环血流灌注等信息,成为评估
                 [7]
                宫动脉阻力指数(resistance index,RI)、搏动指数                 子宫内膜病变微观改变的重要检查手段。IVIM⁃

               (pulsatility index,PI)均低于妊娠失败妇女。Wang               DWI通过分离水分子扩散与微循环灌注,可无创量
                等 [8] 分析显示,在人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human                       化子宫内膜血流动力学特征:水分子扩散系数(D)
                chorionic gonadotropin,HCG)注射日,妊娠妇女子宫             可以反映细胞外间隙中水分子的真实扩散;灌注相
                                                                               *
                内膜的各项血流参数包括血管化指数(vasculariza⁃                     关扩散系数(D )主要反映微循环血流灌注容量,被
                tion index,VI)、血流指数(flow index,FI)和血管化血           认为与毛细血管的密度及血流速度有关;灌注分数
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