Page 145 - 南京医科大学自然版

第45卷第6期 南京医科大学学报（自然科学版）
2025年6月 Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Natural Sciences） ·883 ·

·综 述·

肠道菌群与HPV感染及宫颈病变关系的研究进展

陈 帅，张 颖，张丽娜 *
南京医科大学常州医学中心，常州市妇幼保健院宫颈科，常州市妇幼医学重点实验室，江苏 常州 213003

［摘 要］ 宫颈病变主要是由高危型人乳头瘤病毒（human papilloma virus，HPV）持续性感染引起的。宫颈癌作为全球女性第
四大常见恶性肿瘤，严重危害女性的生命健康。近年来，大量研究表明肠道菌群可以通过免疫调节、炎症反应和代谢产物生成
等机制产生抗肿瘤作用。肠道菌群与宫颈癌的相关研究显示，宫颈癌患者与健康对照者的肠道菌群组成和多样性存在显著性
差异，并且提示一些肠道菌群可作为生物标志物应用于宫颈癌的早期诊断和预防。此外，肠道菌群可以通过雌激素介导的“肠
道⁃阴道轴”与阴道微生物组相互作用，间接影响阴道微生态、HPV感染和宫颈病变的发生。然而，现有研究主要基于横断面分
析，样本量较小且缺乏纵向研究和实验性干预证据，其中的具体关系和作用机制仍需要更进一步的深入研究来明确。文章通
过总结现有研究成果，对肠道菌群与HPV感染和宫颈病变关系的研究进展进行综述。
［关键词］ 肠道菌群；人乳头瘤病毒；宫颈病变；宫颈癌
［中图分类号］ R711.32 ［文献标志码］ A ［文章编号］ 1007⁃4368（2025）06⁃883⁃09
doi：10.7655/NYDXBNSN250264

Research progress on the relationship between intestinal flora and HPV infection and
cervical lesions

CHEN Shuai，ZHANG Ying，ZHANG Lina *
Department of Cervical Diseases，Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital，Changzhou Medical Center，
Nanjing Medical University，Changzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal and Child Health Medicine，Changzhou 213003，
China

［Abstract］ Persistent high⁃risk human papilloma virus（HPV）infection is the main cause of cervical lesions. Cervical cancer is the
fourth most frequent malignancy among women globally，posing a severe threat to women’s health and lives. Intestinal flora can have
anti ⁃ tumor effects through immunomodulation，inflammatory response，and metabolite synthesis，according to numerous research
conducted in recent years. Research on the relationship between intestinal flora and cervical cancer has revealed notable variations in
the diversity and composition of intestinal flora between patients with the disease and healthy controls. These findings have also raised
the possibility that certain intestinal flora may serve as biomarkers for cervical cancer prevention and early detection. Furthermore，
through the estrogen⁃mediated“gut⁃vaginal axis”，intestinal flora can interact with the vaginal microbiome，thereby affecting vaginal
microecology，HPV infection，and cervical lesions. However，existing studies are mainly based on cross⁃sectional analyses with small
sample sizes and a lack of longitudinal studies and experimental evidence. More thorough research is still required to elucidate the
precise linkages and mechanisms of action. The article reviews the research progress on the relationship between intestinal flora and
HPV infection and cervical lesions by summarizing the existing research results.
［Key words］ intestinal flora；HPV；cervical lesion；cervical cancer
［J Nanjing Med Univ，2025，45（06）：883⁃890，899］

［基金项目］ 江苏省中医药科技发展计划面上项目（MS2023089）；常州市政策引导类国际合作项目（CZ20230020）；常州医学
中心临床科研项目（CMCC202314）；常州市“十四五”卫生健康高层次人才培养工程-领军人才（2022CZLJ030）
通信作者（Corresponding author），E⁃mail：linazhang@njmu.edu.cn（ORCID：0000⁃0002⁃4905⁃702X）
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