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第45卷第7期                           南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
                  2025年7月                   Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)     ·991 ·


               ·临床研究·

                奶酪摄入与健康寿命终止风险的关联及其代谢机制研究



                王 潇 ,王一帆 ,孙龙虎 ,赵啸宇 ,梁 爽 ,卜清音 ,王 倩 ,秦 娜 ,江 玥                                 1,3* ,戴俊程  1,3,4*
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                南京医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学系,江苏                    南京    211166;南京医科大学第一附属医院病案统计科,江苏                   南京
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                210029;南京医科大学部省共建肿瘤个体化医学协同创新中心,江苏省恶性肿瘤生物标志物与防治重点实验室,江苏                                        南
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                京 211166;南京医科大学姑苏学院基因组科学与精准医学中心,江苏 苏州                         215000
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               [摘   要] 目的:探讨奶酪摄入量与健康寿命之间的关联,并进一步探索其潜在的代谢机制。方法:采用巢式病例对照设计,
                基于英国生物样本库(UK Biobank,UKB)中 8 项健康寿命终止(healthspan terminated,HST)子事件来定义健康寿命终止,共纳
                入93 214例HST个体,并按性别、年龄以1∶3匹配279 642例对照者。采用条件逻辑回归评估奶酪摄入量与HST之间的关联,
                采用孟德尔随机化(mendelian randomization,MR)评估因果关联,并通过两步MR和观察性中介分析探讨代谢物在其中的中介
                效应。结果:奶酪摄入量与健康寿命呈正相关(Ptrend < 0.05)。与从不摄入奶酪的个体相比,高频次奶酪摄入(≥5次/周)的个体
                HST风险较低(OR=0.93,95%CI:0.89~0.98)。这一发现通过MR分析得到了进一步验证。此外,中介分析显示,奶酪摄入对健
                康寿命的保护作用可能部分通过调节血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL⁃C)和葡萄糖水平实

                现,其中HDL⁃C和葡萄糖分别介导了6.33%和14.82%的效应。结论:奶酪摄入可能通过降低血浆葡萄糖水平和提高血浆HDL⁃C
                水平来改善健康寿命。作为健康饮食的重要组成部分,建议将奶酪纳入日常饮食结构中。
               [关键词] 健康寿命;奶酪;代谢;孟德尔随机化分析
               [中图分类号] R195.3                   [文献标志码] A                       [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2025)07⁃991⁃10
                doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN250347


                Cheese intake and the risk of healthspan terminated:association and metabolic mechanisms
                WANG Xiao ,WANG Yifan ,SUN Longhu ,ZHAO Xiaoyu ,LIANG Shuang ,BU Qingyin ,WANG Qian ,QIN Na ,
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                JIANG Yue  ,DAI Juncheng
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                Department of Epidemiology ,Center for Global Health ,Nanjing Medical University ,Nanjing 211166,China;
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                2 Department of Medical Affairs,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029;Jiangsu
                Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers,Prevention and Treatment,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and
                China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing
                211166,China;Genomic Science and Precision Medicine Institute,Gusu School,Nanjing Medical University,Suzhou
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                215000,China
               [Abstract] Objective:To clarify the association between cheese intake and healthspan,and further explore the underlying metabolic
                mechanisms. Methods:This study employed a nested case⁃control design and defined healthspan terminated(HST)based on eight
                reported sub⁃events of HST in UK Biobank(UKB). 93 214 HST participants and 279 642 controls were included. Conditional logistic
                regression was used to evaluate the association between cheese intake and HST,and Mendelian randomization(MR)was used to assess
                the causal effect. Furthermore,we explored the mediating role of metabolites in this relationship by Two⁃step MR and observational
                analysis. Results:Cheese intake is a protective factor for healthspan(Ptrend < 0.05). Specifically,participants with high cheese intake
               (≥5 times/week)had a lower risk of HST(OR=0.93,95% CI:0.89-0.98)compared to those who never intake cheese. MR analysis
                confirmed this protective effect. Mediation analysis suggested that plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL⁃C)and glucose


               [基金项目] 国家自然科学基金(82192903);国家科技重大专项(2023ZD0510103)
                ∗
                通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:djc@njmu.edu.cn(ORCID:0000⁃0002⁃3909⁃5671);jiangyue@njmu.edu.cn(ORCID:0000⁃
                0002⁃7725⁃272X)
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