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第45卷第8期                           南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
                  2025年8月                   Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)     ·1159 ·


               ·临床研究·

                衰弱与老年冠脉综合征严重程度的相关性及危险因素分析



                姚子俊 ,徐云凡 ,何玉立 ,夏玉东 ,吴               军  1*
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                南京医科大学第一附属医院老年心内科,心内科,江苏                    南京 210029
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               [摘   要] 目的:探讨衰弱状态与老年冠脉综合征患者病情严重程度的相关性,分析老年冠脉综合征人群危险因素。方法:选
                取2023年9月—2024年9月于南京医科大学第一附属医院诊断冠脉综合征后,行冠状动脉造影及介入治疗的老年患者187例。
                根据衰弱筛查量表(FRAIL量表)分为无衰弱组(n=74)、衰弱前期组(n=72)、衰弱组(n=41)。使用Gensini评分评估冠脉病变严
                重程度。所有患者行超声心动图检查,评估心脏结构与功能。根据三分位数法,将>43分定义为高Gensini评分,在此基础上采
                用单因素筛查,并以多因素回归模型明确危险因素。使用限制性立方样条对危险因素进行非线性检验。结果:衰弱前期组与
                衰弱组平均年龄偏高,纽约心脏协会(New York Heart Association,NYHA)心功能Ⅲ级比例升高(P < 0.05)。心房颤动和低肾小
                球滤过率在衰弱组与衰弱前期组均高于无衰弱组(P < 0.05)。衰弱组和衰弱前期组高 Gensini 评分发生率高于无衰弱组
               (36.6% vs. 33.3% vs. 20.3%),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。无衰弱组、衰弱前期组、衰弱组的左房内径逐渐增宽
               (P < 0.05),衰弱前期组左室舒张内径较无衰弱组增宽(P < 0.05)。节段室壁运动障碍发生率,衰弱组(24.4%)和衰弱前期组
               (38.9%)高于无衰弱组(17.6%,P < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,高血压、糖尿病、空腹血糖、存在节段室壁运动障碍与老年冠
                脉综合征患者高Gensini评分呈正相关(P均<0.05)。而体重指数(body mass index,BMI)与高Gensini评分呈负相关(OR=0.872,
                95%CI:0.775~0.980,P=0.021)。Spearman相关性分析示,BMI与Gensini评分成较弱负相关(rs =-0.161,P=0.028)。限制性立方
                样条分析示,所有研究对象以及衰弱、衰弱前期亚组,其BMI与Gensini评分均无显著非线性关系(P > 0.05)。结论:衰弱与老
                年冠脉综合征冠脉病变严重程度未见明显相关,但衰弱及衰弱前期更易发生心脏结构异常与搏动功能减弱。
               [关键词] 衰弱;冠状动脉综合征;严重程度;危险因素
               [中图分类号] R541.4                   [文献标志码] A                      [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2025)08⁃1159⁃11
                doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN250098


                Correlation between frailty and severity of coronary syndrome in elderly patients and

                analysis of risk factors
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                YAO Zijun ,XU Yunfan ,HE Yuli ,XIA Yudong ,WU Jun 1*
                Department of Geriatric Cardiology,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing
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                Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China
               [Abstract] Objective:To investigate the correlation between frailty status and disease severity in elderly patients with coronary
                artery syndrome(CAS),and to analyze risk factors in this population. Methods:This analytical cross⁃sectional study included 187
                elderly patients diagnosed with CAS at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2023 to September
                2024,who underwent coronary angiography and intervention. Participants were divided into non⁃frailty(n=74),pre⁃frailty(n=72),and
                frailty groups(n=41)using the FRAIL scale. Coronary lesion severity was assessed by Gensini score. All patients underwent
                echocardiography to evaluate cardiac structure and function. High Gensini score was defined as >43 points using the tertile method,
                followed by univariate screening and multivariate regression modeling to identify risk factors. Restricted cubic splines were applied to
                test nonlinear relationships. Results:The pre⁃frailty and frailty groups had higher mean age and increased proportion of New York
                Heart Association(NYHA)class Ⅲ heart function(P < 0.05). Atrial fibrillation and low glomerular filtration rates were more prevalent
                in frailty and pre⁃frailty groups compared to non⁃frailty group(P < 0.05). High Gensini scores occurred more frequently in frailty

               [基金项目] 江苏省重点研发计划社会发展项目(BE2023818);江苏省老年健康科研项目(LKZ2023001);江苏省人民医院临
                床能力提升工程项目(JSPH⁃MB⁃2022⁃13)
                通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:wujun9989@njmu.edu.cn(ORCID:0000⁃0003⁃4605⁃1148)
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