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第45卷第9期              冯晓棠,张丽俐,肖利斌,等. 动脉硬化指数与非酒精性脂肪肝相关性研究[J].
                  2025年9月                     南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2025,45(9):1326-1333                      ·1327 ·


                of arterial sclerosis between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the related factors of
                NAFLD,and a regression model was constructed to assess the correlation between AI and NAFLD. The receiver operating characteristic
               (ROC)curve was used to test the value of AI as an indicator for risk assessment of NAFLD. Results:There was a statistically
                significant difference in the gender composition ratio between the NAFLD group and the non⁃NAFLD group(P < 0.001),with more
                males in the NAFLD group. Compared with the non⁃NAFLD group,the NAFLD group had higher levels of body mass index(BMI),
                systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),γ⁃
                glutamyl transferase(GGT),fasting blood glucose,uric acid,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low ⁃ density lipoprotein
                cholesterol(LDL⁃C),and arterial pulse wave velocity of brachial artery(baPWV)(P < 0.001),lower levels of high⁃density lipoprotein
                cholesterol(HDL⁃C)(P < 0.001),and less exercise habits(P=0.001). The AI values and the detection rate of arterial sclerosis in the
                NAFLD group were higher than those in the non⁃NAFLD group(P < 0.001). Binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed
                that AI,BMI,AST,fasting blood glucose,and baPWV were positively correlated with NAFLD. After fully adjusting for confounding
                factors,binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that AI was positively correlated with NAFLD(OR=1.846,95% CI:
                1.541-2.121,P < 0.001),and the population in the highest AI group showed a significantly higher tendency of NAFLD compared to
                the lowest group(OR=6.169,95% CI:3.006- 12.661,P < 0.001). In the generalized additive model,there is a direct linear
                relationship between AI and NAFLD(log⁃likelihood ratio test,P=0.949). The area under the ROC curve of AI is 0.775(95% CI:0.739-
                0.811,P < 0.001),which is higher than that of baPWV and traditional lipid indicators[baPWV(AUC=0.616,95% CI:0.574-0.659,
                P < 0.001),TC(AUC=0.576,95% CI:0.532-0.621,P=0.001),TG(AUC=0.735,95% CI:0.696-0.774,P < 0.001),LDL⁃C(AUC=
                0.639,95% CI:0.597-0.681,P < 0.001)]. Conclusion:AI,BMI,AST,fasting blood glucose,and baPWV are independent related
                factors for NAFLD. Although AI cannot directly serve as a causal indicator for NAFLD,its potential in risk assessment is worthy of
                attention,especially when combined with imaging examinations,which can help improve the early diagnosis rate of NAFLD.
               [Key words] steatosis;fatty liver;vascular sclerosis;arteriosclerosis index
                                                                            [J Nanjing Med Univ,2025,45(09):1326⁃1333]






                    脂肪肝病(fatty liver disease,FLD)是以肝脏中            研究开始关注 AI 与 NAFLD 之间的关联,但大多数
                过量脂肪积累为特征的临床病理状态 ,主要分为                            研究集中在西方人群,且样本量相对较小                    [7-8] 。此
                                                  [1]
                酒 精 性 脂 肪 性 肝 病(alcoholic fatty liver disease,    外,AI 在 NAFLD 风险评估中的潜在作用尚未得到
                AFLD)和非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non⁃alcoholic fatty               充分验证。因此,本研究旨在通过横断面研究,利
                liver disease,NAFLD)。随着全球肥胖和代谢综合                  用日本 856 例体检人群数据进行二次分析,进一步
                征的流行,NAFLD 已成为最常见的慢性肝病之一。                         探讨 AI 与 NAFLD 之间的关系及 AI 作为 NAFLD 风
                据估计,NAFLD在西方国家的成年人口中占比高达                          险评估指标的有效性和潜在价值。
                20%~30%,在亚洲某些地区也呈现出类似的流行趋
                                                                  1  对象和方法
                势 [2-3] 。NAFLD 不仅与肝脏相关疾病的风险增加有
                关,还与心血管疾病、2型糖尿病等代谢性疾病的发                           1.1 对象
                病率和死亡率密切相关          [4-5] 。                           本研究是基于公共数据的二次分析。数据来
                    动脉硬化指数(arteriosclerosis index,AI)是一种          自于Dryad数据库(www.Datadryad.org),源自Fukuda
                评估动脉粥样硬化程度的指标,通常通过计算总胆                            等 的原始研究,该数据库经作者授权,可以免费下
                                                                    [9]
                固醇(total cholesterol,TC)与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇                载并且供其他研究者二次分析使用。数据库文件
               (high⁃density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL⁃C)的差值    中包含的变量如下:年龄、体重指数(body mass in⁃
                与 HDL⁃C 的比例得出。AI 升高被认为是心血管疾                       dex,BMI)、收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒
                病风险的一个独立预测因子 。                                    张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、天冬氨酸转氨
                                        [6]
                    脂肪肝与动脉硬化关系密切,但两者之间的联                          酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶

                系机制尚未明确,可能涉及胰岛素抵抗(insulin re⁃                    (alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、γ⁃谷氨酰转肽酶(γ⁃
                sistance,IR)、氧化应激、炎症反应、脂代谢紊乱、阻                    glutamyl transferase,GGT)、空腹血糖(fasting blood
                塞性呼吸睡眠暂停和慢性肾脏疾病。近年来,一些                            glucose,FBG)、尿 酸 、总 胆 固 醇(total cholesterol,
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