Page 149 - 《南京医科大学学报》自然科学版2026年第2期
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第46卷第2期                乔烨甜,李小杉,吴 波. 肺移植术后闭塞性细支气管炎的研究进展[J].
                  2026年2月                     南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(2):299-308                        ·305 ·

                                                    表2  潜在靶点的临床转化进展
                                          Table 2 Clinical translation progress of potential targets

                         Target                         Mechanism of action                Representative intervention
                Treg cell                  Inhibit allograft immune responses in transplanted lungs,  High⁃purity Treg cell infusion
                                           promote immune tolerance
                Exosome regulation         Inhibit donor⁃derived exosome release,reduce damage⁃  nSMase2 inhibitors,salt endo⁃
                                           associated molecular patterns and pro⁃inflammatory signals  cytosis
                miR⁃27a⁃3p                 Inhibit TGF⁃β/Smad pathway                    Liposomal miR⁃27a⁃3p
                Carbon monoxide            Inhibit ERK1/2 MAPK and mTORC1/2 signaling pathways  Inhaled CO(100-500 ppm)
                Tissue plasminogen activator B  Inhibit collagen deposition              Tissue plasminogen activator B
                                                                                         inhibitor
                S100A8/A9                  Block TLR4 signaling                          Anti ⁃ S100A8/A9 monoclonal
                                                                                         antibody(ABN⁃101)
                Ferroptosis                Inhibit lipid peroxidation                    Atomized deferoxamine(DFO)


                KL⁃6 也被证实可协助区分 BOS 与 RAS 的潜在生物                    tion,as well as reviewing and supervising the manuscript.
                标志物,具有临床鉴别诊断价值 。                                 [参考文献]
                                            [59]
                7 小    结                                         [1] CHAMBERS D C,PERCH M,ZUCKERMANN A,et al.
                                                                       The international thoracic organ transplant registry of the
                    BOS 由于其病理生理过程不可逆、缺乏敏感的                             international society for heart and lung transplantation:
                早期诊断手段及有效治疗措施,仍是LTR术后死亡                                thirty⁃eighth adult lung transplantation report⁃2021;focus
                的重要原因,严重影响患者远期预后与生活质量。                                 on recipient characteristics[J]. J Heart Lung Transplant,
                文章综述了BOS的发病机制、危险因素、诊断方法、                               2021,40(10):1060-1072
                治疗进展及潜在防治靶点的最新研究进展,旨在为                           [2] SINGH T P,CHERIKH W S,HSICH E,et al. Graft sur⁃
                后续研究提供理论参考。未来研究应进一步聚焦                                  vival in primary thoracic organ transplant recipients:a
                BOS 发病机制的多维探索,明确关键免疫通路与纤                               special report from the International Thoracic Organ
                维化进程的分子调控网络;同时,加强新型药物及                                 Transplant Registry of the International Society for Heart
                                                                       and Lung Transplantation[J]. J Heart Lung Transplant,
                治疗靶点的筛选,提升靶向干预的特异性与有效
                                                                       2023,42(10):1321-1333
                性。多通路靶向联合治疗策略或将成为提高疗效
                                                                 [3] KHUSH K K,CHERIKH W S,CHAMBERS D C,et al.
                的重要方向。此外,推进BOS的分层管理和个体化
                                                                       The international thoracic organ transplant registry of the
                治疗也具有重要临床价值。基于基因型(如 TLR4                               international society for heart and lung transplantation:
                基因多态性)或免疫表型(如 DSA 阳性状态)进行                              thirty⁃sixth adult heart transplantation report⁃2019;focus
                BOS患者分型,并据此制定精准治疗方案,有望实现                               theme:donor and recipient size match[J]. J Heart Lung
                BOS 患者的早期诊断与规范干预,最终改善患者长                               Transplant,2019,38(10):1056-1066
                期预后、降低移植相关死亡率。                                   [4] BISWAS R S,PANCHANATHAN R,WALIA R,et al.
                   利益冲突声明:                                             Lung retransplantation for chronic rejection:a single ⁃
                   所有作者声明无利益冲突。                                        center experience[J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2018,105(1):
                   Conflict of Interests:                              221-227
                   The authors declare no conflict of interests.  [5] KULKARNI H S,CHERIKH W S,CHAMBERS D C,et
                   作者贡献声明:                                             al. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome ⁃ free survival after
                   乔烨甜负责论文书写、图片绘制、文献收集及修改;吴                            lung transplantation:an international society for heart
                波、李小杉负责资金获取和论文审核与监督。                                   and lung transplantation thoracic transplant registry analy⁃
                   Author’s Contributions:                             sis[J]. J Heart Lung Transplant,2019,38(1):5-16
                   QIAO Yetian was responsible for writing the manuscript,  [6] VERLEDEN G M,GLANVILLE A R,LEASE E D,et al.
                creating the figures,collecting literature,and revising the paper.  Chronic lung allograft dysfunction:definition,diagnostic
                WU Bo and LI Xiaoshan were responsible for funding acquisi⁃  criteria,and approaches to treatment⁃a consensus report
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