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A B C
hAMSC⁃exo⁃F vs. hAMSC⁃exo⁃M hAMSC⁃exo⁃F hAMSC⁃exo⁃M
Group
POSTN 1.5
Q9UBX5 P61006 Q92 Q92621 CHI3L1 1
CTSH
PB1030 AIFM1 0.5
HNRNPA2B1 ⁃0.5
Q0VGL1 AACS
LAMTOR4 ⁃1
P21127；Q9UQ88 FBLN5 ⁃1.5 1. Human papillomavirus infection
Q86V21 RAB8A
HPR
RCC1
4 P04818 CHGB hAMSC⁃exo⁃M
LAP3
SWAP70
CSTF1 Apoptosis
CSNK1A1L
KRT80
BCAN
HLA⁃C
LGLV7⁃46；IGLV7⁃43
TNC
value） 3 ITGA3
COL14A1
TPM4
PSMA4
TNFRSF11B
ARHGAP18
KIF5C
PSMC6
BAG5
SRP68
Down
MIS18A
P10321 Up DIS3
（P -lg 2 Normal QTRT2 156 1263 152
TERF2IP
MINDY3
SERPINB12
GOLGA5
NIT1
OGFOD3
SMYD5
PCK2
FAM50A 2. Proteasome
SSBP2；SSBP4；SSBP3
LSS
STAT3
PSMD10 Antifolate resistance
GFRA2
1 DAPK3
SCG2
KPNA3
NPTX1
HLA⁃A Folate transport and metabolism
COL6A1
CCL2
NACC1
NIPAL4
PPP4R2 hAMSC⁃exo⁃F
KRT4 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
MOV10
0 CKS1B
POP7
CTTNBP2NL
UNC5C
ASRGL1
RABEP2
-2.5 0 2.5 5.0 NUP205
GMPPA
CDC26
MOSPD2
MTHFR
log2 FC TYMS
CDK11B；CDK11A
IGKV1⁃6；IGKV1⁃17
PSMF1
UQCRC1
CENP1
CNOT4
TRIM2
ACAT1
NADSYN1
D hAMSC⁃exo⁃F unique E hAMSC⁃exo⁃M unique
Ribosome P value Thyroid hormone signaling pathway
Coronavirus disease⁃COVID⁃19 0.05 Apelin signaling pathway P value
Proteasome Mitophagy⁃animal
Spinocerebellar ataxia 0.04 Central carbon metabolism in cancer 0.006
Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection 0.03 Serotonergic synapse
Prion disease Other types of O⁃glycan biosynthesis 0.004
Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis 0.02 cAMP signaling pathway
Nucleocytoplasmic transport 0.01 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton 0.002
Thyroid cancer Adherens junction
Parkinson disease Axon guidance
Alzheimer disease Long⁃term depression
Nucleotide metabolism Protein_number Melanogenesis Protein_number
Pathways of neurodegeneration⁃multiple diseases C⁃type lectin receptor signaling pathway
Cysteine and methionine metabolism 2.5 Proteoglycans in cancer 4
Huntington disease 5.0 Mucin type O⁃glycan biosynthesis
Citrate cycle（TCA cycle） Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection 6
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism 7.5 Thyroid cancer 8
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 10.0 Cholinergic synapse
Biosynthesis of amino acids Aldosterone⁃regulated sodium reabsorption 10
Salmonella infection 12.5 Alzheimer disease
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12
Protein ratio Protein ratio
F Common
P value
Complement and coagulation cascades
Focal adhesion
Cytoskeleton in muscle cells 1.5e⁃07
ECM⁃receptor interaction
Amoebiasis 1.0e⁃07
Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells
Regulation of actin cytoskeleton 5.0e⁃08
Proteasome
Endocytosis
protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
Salmonella infection Protein_number
Pertussis
Lysosome 20
in biosynthesis⁃heparan sulfate/hepari... 30
an biosynthesis⁃chondroitin sulfate/de...
Coronavirus disease⁃COVID⁃19 40
Shigellosis 50
PI3K⁃Akt signaling pathway
Proteoglycans in cancer 60
Prion disease 70
0 0.025 0.050 0.075
Protein ratio
A：Volcano diagrams of differentially expressed proteins in hAMSC⁃exo⁃F vs. hAMSC⁃exo⁃M. B：Heatmap of the levels of differentially expressed
proteins in hAMSC⁃exo⁃F and hAMSC⁃exo⁃M. The significantly enriched pathways are shown on the right. C：Venn diagram of pairwise analysis of hAMSC⁃
exo⁃F vs. hAMSC⁃exo⁃M. D，E：KEGG analysis of unique proteins of hAMSC⁃exo⁃F（D）and hAMSC⁃exo⁃M（E）when performing their pairwise analysis.
F：KEGG analysis of common proteins in hAMSC⁃exo⁃F and hAMSC⁃exo⁃M.
图5 男女株hAMSC⁃exo蛋白质组比较分析
Figure 5 Pairwise bioinformatics analysis of the proteomes in male and female hAMSC⁃exo
小囊泡，既往研究数据揭示不同亚组细胞外囊泡其
3 讨 论
成分不一样，外泌体显著富集细胞外基质成分、黏
外泌体是细胞主动分泌的一种天然纳米级微 附连接复合体及囊泡介导的转运相关蛋白质 ［24-26］ 。