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第46卷第5期
              ·696 ·                             南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2026年5月


              其他原因(n=5)。SPSS 组与 Non⁃EGV⁃SPSS 组死亡                P=0.012)是影响 TIPS 术后生存的独立危险因素
              率分别为 29.1%和 36.2%,差异无统计学意义(P=                    (表6)。
              0.400,表2)。进一步分析显示,两组在术后1、3、6、
                                                                3 讨     论
              12、24 个月的累积死亡发生率均无显著差异(表
              3)。Kaplan⁃Meier 生存分析提示,两组术后死亡率                         本研究结果表明,在肝硬化患者中,首次 TIPS
              无显著差异(P=0.427,图 2C)。Logistic 回归分析提                手术联合栓塞时合并Non⁃EGV⁃SPSS 与更高的再出
              示年龄(HR=1.025,95%CI:1.002~1.047,P=0.030)和          血风险相关,但对TIPS术后OHE发生率和死亡率无
              血清总胆红素水平(HR=1.002,95%CI:1.000~1.005,              显著影响。

                                        表4 TIPS术后发生OHE的单因素与多因素Logistic分析
                                  Table 4 Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis of OHE after TIPS
                                                              Univariate analysis        Multivariate analysis
                        Prognostic indicators
                                                        HR(95%CI)          P           HR(95%CI)          P
               SPSS vs. Non⁃EGV⁃SPSS                 1.440(0.758-2.736)   0.265    1.807(0.836-3.907)    0.133
               Age                                   1.045(1.019-1.072)   0.001    1.049(1.020-1.079)    0.001
               Sex                                   1.036(0.566-1.897)   0.909    1.498(0.734-3.058)    0.267
               International normalized ratio        1.083(0.317-3.701)   0.899    1.502(0.242-9.311)    0.662
               Creatinine                            1.009(1.001-1.017)   0.037    1.012(1.002-1.023)    0.017
               Total serum bilirubin                 1.001(0.988-1.014)   0.858    1.004(0.982-1.026)    0.731
               Serum albumin                         0.989(0.946-1.034)   0.620    0.975(0.907-1.048)    0.490
               PPG before TIPS                       1.015(0.964-1.069)   0.568    1.057(0.967-1.156)    0.224
               PPG after TIPS                        0.994(0.934-1.059)   0.858    0.970(0.872-1.077)    0.565
               PPG reduction                         1.043(0.966-1.126)   0.286    1.052(0.964-1.149)    0.255
               Child⁃Pugh classification(B vs. A)    0.875(0.482-1.587)   0.660    0.418(0.104-1.684)    0.220
               Child⁃Pugh classification(C vs. A)    1.602(0.714-3.593)   0.253    1.098(0.155-7.772)    0.926
               Ascites degree(Mild vs. None)         1.525(0.791-2.943)   0.208    1.801(0.576-5.627)    0.311
               Ascites degree(Moderate or severe vs. None)  0.512(0.106-2.484)  0.406  0.034(0.001-1.357)  0.072
               MELD score                            1.045(0.976-1.119)   0.210    0.992(0.872-1.130)    0.907

                                       表5 TIPS术后再出血的单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析
                            Table 5 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of rebleeding after TIPS

                                                              Univariate analysis        Multivariate analysis
                        Prognostic indicators
                                                        HR(95%CI)          P           HR(95%CI)          P
               SPSS vs. Non⁃EGV⁃SPSS                 3.243(1.597-6.586)   0.001    3.595(1.603-8.062)    0.002
               Age                                   0.991(0.967-1.017)   0.506    0.996(0.967-1.025)    0.786
               Sex                                   1.039(0.519-2.078)   0.914    1.104(0.485-2.513)    0.813
               International normalized ratio        2.645(0.717-9.755)   0.144    3.111(0.590-16.404)   0.181
               Creatinine                            0.999(0.993-1.005)   0.711    0.998(0.991-1.005)    0.619
               Total serum bilirubin                 1.000(0.986-1.015)   0.959    0.992(0.969-1.015)    0.491
               Serum albumin                         0.997(0.948-1.049)   0.909    1.008(0.931-1.091)    0.844
               PPG before TIPS                       0.968(0.907-1.033)   0.328    0.930(0.824-1.048)    0.234
               PPG after TIPS                        1.013(0.943-1.088)   0.729    1.096(0.962-1.249)    0.168
               PPG reduction                         0.900(0.807-1.004)   0.059    0.924(0.821-1.040)    0.191
               Child⁃Pugh classification(B vs. A)    1.006(0.509-1.989)   0.986    1.204(0.270-5.368)    0.807
               Child⁃Pugh classification(C vs. A)    0.971(0.368-2.564)   0.953    1.212(0.139-10.600)   0.862
               Ascites degree(Mild vs. None)         0.841(0.412-1.719)   0.635    1.158(0.333-4.031)    0.818
               Ascites degree(Moderate or severe vs. None)  1.648(0.407-6.669)  0.483  3.568(0.294-43.351)  0.318
               MELD score                            0.998(0.920-1.082)   0.953    0.962(0.833-1.112)    0.599
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