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第46卷第8期 刘斐然,冒韵东,刁飞扬. 代谢组学在子宫内膜异位症研究中的应用进展[J].
2026年8月 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(8):1228-1245 ·1233 ·
术的不断发展,新型分析方法为尿液代谢研究带 型(ovarian endometriosis,OE)和盆腔外型 4 种亚型,
来新机遇。一种基于解析、分离和电离质谱的尿 这些亚型可单独存在或共存 。
[1]
液代谢分析平台,结合了机器学习算法,可显著提 4.1.1 PE与OE的代谢特征与差异
高检测的灵敏度与特异度,在EMS无创诊断中具应 在腹膜液中,PE 患者的二肽代谢物苯丙氨酰⁃
[41]
用前景 。 异亮氨酸显著升高,且通过独立队列的靶向代谢
综上所述,血浆、月经血、粪便、尿液等多种无 组学验证,在腹膜液中具有卓越的诊断能力,并可
创生物样本的代谢标志物均能区分 EMS 患者与健 在血清中被捕获 [28] 。另一研究对 OE 患者的子宫
康人群(图 1),其中粪便代谢组学与微生物组的整 内膜液进行脂质组学分析发现,OE 组饱和二酰基
合模型在诊断效能上较为优异。 甘 油(diacylglycerol,DAG)和 饱 和 三 酰 基 甘 油
(triacylglycerol,TAG)水平较对照组显著降低,而部
4 代谢组学与EMS分型与分期
分长链多不饱和TAG升高 。
[42]
代谢组学技术揭示了不同 EMS 临床分型和分 血清代谢组学研究揭示PE和OE存在明显的代
期的特异性代谢特征,为EMS的精准分型分期提供 谢差异。PE组色氨酸、核黄素和嘌呤代谢物丰度显
新的客观依据。 著升高,提示免疫激活与氧化应激增强 [15] 。而 OE
4.1 临床分型 组呈现介于PE与对照组之间的中间表型,提示其代
根据病变的解剖位置和浸润深度,EMS 可分为 谢异常程度相对较轻,这一差异可能源于解剖特
浅表腹膜型(peritoneal endometriosis,PE)、DIE、卵巢 性,浅表腹膜病灶具有大面积腹膜⁃血液界面,炎症
Significant differences in LysoPC levels;decreased
levels of certain PC species
Elevated levels of fucose Altered concentrations of phospholipids and
and lipoproteins
micrometabolites;increased levels of
phospholipids,fatty acids,and acyl derivatives;
Phospholipids: decreased AICAR levels
Elevated levels of SM and PC; Elevated lactate levels
elevated levels of LysoPE
associated with postoperative Elevated levels of 8⁃OH⁃dG,nitrite and
persistent pelvic pain nitrate
Decreased levels of glycocholic Altered lipid
acid,taurocholic acid,and other metabolism:
conjugated bile acids significantly
Follicular elevated levels of
Elevated levels of fluid LysoPC and PE⁃
valine,lysine,and derived lipids
arginine;
elevated β⁃
hydroxybutyrate Iron overload
and proline, accumulation of
but decreased Peritoneal iron,ferritin,and
alanine and valine in Blood fluid free heme
severe EMS
patients
Elevated levels of
lauroylcarnitine,
oleoylcarnitine,
myristoylcarnitine, Elevated levels of
and other long⁃ guanidinosuccinate,
chain Urine creatinine,taurine,
acylcarnitines Endometriosis valine,and 2⁃
hydroxyisovalerate
Endometrial
tissue
Feces Decreased levels of
Decreased levels of key amino lysine
acids:alanine,leucine,lysine,and
phenylalanine;
elevated L⁃arginine,L⁃tyrosine,and
hydroxyproline Decreased levels
Elevated levels of lipid molecules:PC, of 4HI
phosphatidylethanolamine(PE),and
phosphatidylserine(PS)
Elevated levels of
Elevated levels of hypoxanthine circulating estrogen
Decreased levels of polyunsaturated Decreased levels of short⁃chain fatty
fatty acid(PUFA):eicosatrienoic acid(SCFA)including butyrate and
acid,linolenic acid,and linoleic acid propionate
Non⁃Lactobacillus⁃dominated Elevated secondary bile acids including
microbiota profile lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid
图1 EMS研究中不同来源生物样本代谢组学检测进展一览图
Figure 1 Overview of metabolomics detection advances in different biologically⁃sourced samples from EMS research

