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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)                                  第41卷第8期
               ·1258 ·                    Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)   2021年8月


             ·综 述·

              硫嘌呤类药物的遗传药理学研究及其在儿科相关疾病中的正

              确应用



              郭宏丽 ,胡雅慧 ,夏          颖 ,龙佳奕 ,陈        峰  1*
                                             1,2
                             1
                     1
                                     1
               南京医科大学附属儿童医院药学部药学研究中心,江苏                    南京    210008;中国药科大学基础医学与临床药学学院,江苏                 南
              1                                                        2
              京 211198

             [摘    要] 硫嘌呤类药物是常用的免疫抑制剂,广泛应用于儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病、炎症性肠病的治疗,但以骨髓抑制、肝
              毒性为主的不良反应限制了临床应用。巯嘌呤的体内代谢转化和处置过程由包括巯嘌呤⁃S⁃甲基转移酶(thiopurine methyl⁃
              transferase,TPMT)、裸子水解酶(nudix hydrolase 15,NUDT15)、三磷酸肌苷焦磷酸酶(inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase,
              ITPA)和多药耐药相关蛋白(multidrug resistance⁃associated protein,MRP4)的精确调控。上述药物代谢酶和转运体的遗传药理
              学研究结果连同对活性药物的浓度监测的研究,可以解释部分个体之间的治疗作用或不良反应的差异。文章对硫嘌呤类药物
              相关遗传药理学和活性代谢物的治疗药物监测研究进行全面地分析、归纳和总结,为优化巯嘌呤类药物的治疗方案、推动个体
              化精准用药提供新的思路。
             [关键词] 硫嘌呤类药物;骨髓抑制;遗传药理学;治疗药物监测
             [中图分类号] R725.5                   [文献标志码] A                       [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2021)08⁃1258⁃09
              doi:10.7655/NYDXBNS20210824



              Genetic pharmacology and optimized application of thiopurines in pediatric patients
                        1         1         1          1,2          1*
              GUO Hongli ,HU Yahui ,XIA Ying ,LONG Jiayi ,CHEN Feng
               Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center,Department of Pharmacy,Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical
              1
              University,Nanjing 210008;School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy,China Pharmaceutical University,
                                       2
              Nanjing 211198,China


             [Abstract]  Thiopurine drugs 6 ⁃ mercaptopurine(6 ⁃ MP),thioguanine(TG)and azathioprine(AZA)are widely used
              immunosuppressive treatment in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).
              However,the incidence of adverse reactions especially myelosuppression and hepatotoxicity is high. The metabolism and
              transformation of thiopurine drugs are mediated by thiopurine S⁃methyltransferase(TPMT),nudix hydrolase 15(NUDT15),inosine
              triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase(ITPA)and multidrug resistance ⁃ associated protein(MRP4). Genetic polymorphisms in genes
              encoding above⁃mentioned drug⁃metabolizing enzymes and transporter proteins can significantly influence the pharmacokinetics and
              pharmacological effects of thiopurines and can be significant determinants of the efficacy and toxicity of therapy. There is still a gap
              between the current drug treatment strategy and precise clinical application of thiopurines. In this article,we review the studies of
              pharmacogenetics of thiopurines and therapeutic drug monitoring of active metabolites to provide a new insight into the precise clinical
              application to thiopurines.
             [Key words] thiopurines;myelosuppression;pharmacogenetics;therapeutic drug monitoring
                                                                           [J Nanjing Med Univ,2021,41(08):1258⁃1266]





             [基金项目] 江苏卫生健康委员会特聘医学专家项目(2019);国家自然科学基金青年项目(81800530);江苏省自然科学基金
              青年项目(BK20170149);吴阶平医学基金(320.6750.2020⁃04⁃38)
              ∗
              通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:cy.chen508@gmail.com
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