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               ·1582 ·                           南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2022年11月


              患者的临床疗效与单用 HMA 组的差异无统计学意                               burden remains unchanged in chronic myelomonocytic
              义,虽然CR率小于20%,但生存分析发现D⁃CAG组                             leukaemia responding to hypomethylating agents[J]. Nat
              患 者 的 中 位 OS 明 显 长 于 单 用 HMA 组 患 者 ,且                  Commun,2016,7(1):10767
              D⁃CAG 组患者有较长的中位LFS,推测D⁃CAG 方案                     [7] ASSI R,KANTARJIAN H M,GARCIA⁃MANERO G,et
                                                                     al. A phase Ⅱ trial of ruxolitinib in combination with aza⁃
              可能通过延长患者的LFS来提高生存获益。同时多
                                                                     cytidine in myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative
              因素分析也发现治疗方案是影响患者 OS 的独立预
                                                                     neoplasms[J]. Am J Hematol,2018,93(2):277-285
              后因素,因此选择合适的治疗方式有助于提高患者
                                                                [8] SEKERES M A,WATTS J,RADINOFF A,et al. Random⁃
              的 OS。既往研究表明,CPSS 预后评分系统根据 OS                           ized phase 2 trial of pevonedistat plus azacitidine versus
              能够将患者分为4个不同的风险组                [19⁃20] ,而本研究通          azacitidine for higher⁃risk MDS/CMML or low⁃blast AML
              过单因素分析并未发现中危、高危患者的OS差异有                               [J]. Leukemia,2021,35(7):2119-2124
              统计学意义,可能与本研究样本量小或D⁃CAG方案                          [9] LI J,CHEN Y,ZHU Y,et al. Efficacy and safety of
              可能改善较高危患者的预后有关。与既往研究                      [20⁃21]      decitabine in combination with G⁃CSF,low⁃dose cytarabine
              不同,本研究尚未发现高龄、白细胞、乳酸脱氢酶等                                and aclarubicin in newly diagnosed elderly patients with
                                                                     acute myeloid leukemia[J]. Oncotarget,2015,6(8):
              因素是影响患者OS的预后因素,可能与本研究病例
                                                                     6448-6458
              数较少有关。虽然与单用 HMA 方案相比,D⁃CAG
                                                                [10] SANTINI V,ALLIONE B,ZINI G,et al. A phase Ⅱ,mul⁃
              方案更容易导致 3~4 级骨髓抑制,但由于积极的支
                                                                     ticentre trial of decitabine in higher⁃risk chronic myelo⁃
              持治疗,并未增加患者感染的风险。
                                                                     monocytic leukemia[J]. Leukemia,2018,32(2):413-
                  本研究仍有回顾性研究的固有局限性,样本量                               418
              较少,数据跨度时间较大,且无基因突变数据等。                            [11] PLEYER L,LEISCH M,KOURAKLI A,et al. Outcomes
              但本研究初步证实了D⁃CAG 方案应用于MDS/MPN                            of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia treated
              患者是安全有效的,并可能带来生存获益,这将为                                 with non⁃curative therapies:a retrospective cohort study
              临床治疗提供参考。                                             [J]. Lancet Haematol,2021,8(2):e135-e148
                                                                [12] DILETTA F,CARLO G P,ROCCO P. Molecular patho⁃
             [参考文献]
                                                                     genesis of BCR ⁃ ABL ⁃ negative atypical chronic myeloid
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                   2018,59(11):2737-2739                             tends to improve prognosis in elderly patients with high⁃
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