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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)                                  第42卷第7期
               ·1012 ·                    Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)   2022年7月


             ·临床研究·

              416例药物性肝损伤的临床特征及预后分析



              何燕改,王 颖,何 悦,易小兰,黄雅慧,刘                    源 ,李 军
                                                         *
              南京医科大学第一附属医院感染病科,江苏 南京                   210029




             [摘    要] 目的:分析药物性肝损伤(drug⁃induced liver injury,DILI)的临床特征及预后,提高DILI的早期诊断率和治疗效果。
              方法:收集2017年1月—2020年12月南京医科大学第一附属医院416例药物性肝损伤患者的临床资料,回顾性分析其临床特
              征及预后情况。结果:药物性肝损伤患者中女性较多(61.30%),40~59岁年龄段占比最大(46.39%),≥60岁次之(31.50%)。临
              床表现主要为乏力、纳差、尿黄、皮肤巩膜黄染、上腹不适等。临床分型中肝细胞型占比最大(52.64%),其余依次为混合型
             (23.80%)、胆汁淤积型(23.56%)。引起药物性肝损伤的可疑药物以中草药、中成药类占首位(56.25%)。肝细胞型患者的总体
              预后最佳,治愈率和好转率分别为10.05%、88.58%,无效率为1.37%。结论:引起药物性肝损伤的药物种类繁杂,临床表现无特
              异性。大多患者经积极治疗后预后较好,但仍有部分患者病情进展或死亡,需引起临床重视。
             [关键词] 药物性肝损伤;临床特征;预后;回顾性研究
             [中图分类号] R575.1                    [文献标志码] A                      [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2022)07⁃1012⁃06
              doi:10.7655/NYDXBNS20220715



              Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 416 patients with drug⁃induced liver injury
                                                                            *
              HE Yangai,WANG Ying,HE Yue,YI Xiaolan,HUANG Yahui,LIU Yuan ,LI Jun
              Department of Infectious Diseases,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China


             [Abstract] Objective:To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of patients with drug⁃induced liver injury(DILI),so as to
              provide basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods:The clinical materials of 416 patients with DILI in the First Affiliated Hospital
              of Nanjing Medical University between January 2017 to December 2020 were reviewed. The demographic data,suspicious drugs,
              clinical characteristics,laboratory examination results and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Among 416 DILI patients,
              there were 161 males(38.70%)and 255 females(61.30%),and their ages mainly distributed between 40~59 years old(46.39%),
              followed by ≥60 years old(31.50%). The main clinical manifestations included fatigue,darker urine,yellow skin and sclera,and
              gastrointestinal symptoms. The main type of injuries was hepatocellular injury(52.64%),followed by mixed type(23.80%)and
              cholestatic type(23.56%). The most common drug causing DILI was Chinese herbal and patent medicine(56.25%). Patients with
              hepatocellular type had the best overall prognosis,with cure and improvement rates of 10.05% and 88.58% respectively,and a failure
              rate of 1.37%. Conclusion:A number of drugs may cause DILI,and the clinical manifestations were nonspecific. Most patients have a
              good prognosis after active treatment,but some patients still progress or die,which needs more clinical attention.
             [Key words] drug⁃induced liver injury;clinical features;prognosis;retrospective study
                                                                           [J Nanjing Med Univ,2022,42(07):1012⁃1017]






                  药物性肝损伤(drug⁃induced liver injury,DILI)        物乃至辅料等所诱发的肝损伤。DILI 是最常见和
              是指由各类处方或非处方的化学药物、生物制剂、                            最严重的药物不良反应之一,重者可致急性肝衰竭
                                                                         [1]
              传统中药、天然药 、保健品、膳食补充剂及其代谢产                          甚至死亡 。由于药物性肝损伤发病原因多样,发
                                                                病机制复杂,临床表现无特异性,目前尚无明确的

             [基金项目] 江苏省医学重点学科创新团队(CXTDA2017023)                 药物性肝损伤的诊断标准。但由于各专业新药的
              ∗                                                 不断问世和临床的日益广泛应用,以及广大人民群
              通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:liuyuan@jsph.org.cn
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