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第42卷第8期                           南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
                  2022年8月                   Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)     ·1147 ·


               ·临床研究·

                70例子宫破裂的母儿结局和临床特点分析



                徐   飞,孙 瑜,张艳榕,龙 伟           *
                南京医科大学附属妇产医院产科,江苏 南京                 210004




               [摘   要] 目的:探讨子宫破裂的母儿结局和临床特点。方法:纳入 2009—2020 年间南京医科大学附属妇产医院分娩的产
                妇,根据是否瘢痕子宫、发现子宫破裂的时间节点分组,回顾性分析70例子宫破裂患者的母儿结局和临床特点。结果:①子宫
                破裂的总发生率为0.054%。②临床表现:23例(32.86%)腹痛,13例(18.57%)阴道流血,9例(12.86%)胎心异常,7例(10.00%)
                血流动力学不稳定,11 例(15.71%)血性羊水、病理性缩复环等其他表现,29 例(41.43%)无临床表现。③母儿结局:24 例
               (34.29%)发生完全性子宫破裂,4例(5.71%)行子宫切除术,30例(42.86%)发生严重产后出血,21例(30%)大量输血,无产妇死
                亡;62例新生儿中3例(4.84%)胎死宫内,1例(1.61%)家属放弃抢救,5例(8.06%)新生儿重度窒息,7例(11.29%)新生儿轻度
                窒息。④与瘢痕子宫破裂相比,非瘢痕子宫破裂多于产后才被发现(66.67% vs. 16.36%,P<0.05),其产后出血率(80.00% vs.
                32.73%)、大量输血率(66.67% vs. 20.00%)以及住院费用(26 348.68元 vs. 13 859.53元)均显著升高(P<0.05),两者的新生儿结
                局差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。⑤在瘢痕子宫中,剖宫产后阴道试产(trial of labor after cesarean,TOLAC)组的完全性子宫破
                裂率(55%)、产后出血率(60%)、大量输血率(45%)均较选择性重复剖宫产(elective repeat cesarean section,ERCS)组显著增加
               (20.00%、17.14%、5.71%,P<0.05)。⑥临产前和产程中发现破裂者的母儿结局差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其完全性子宫
                破裂率(26.19%、11.11%)、大量输血率(16.67%、11.11%)、住院费用(11 576.33 元、14 846.30 元)均低于产后发现破裂者
               (63.16%、68.42%、25 310.57元,P<0.05)。结论:子宫破裂的临床表现主要为腹痛、胎心异常或阴道流血,亦有部分患者无特
                异性临床表现。非瘢痕子宫破裂者,特别是较迟发现的子宫破裂,可能造成更严重的不良预后。
               [关键词] 子宫破裂;瘢痕子宫;试产;母儿结局
               [中图分类号] R714.422                   [文献标志码] A                    [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2022)08⁃1147⁃08
                doi:10.7655/NYDXBNS20220815


                Analysis of maternal and infant outcomes and clinical features in 70 cases of uterine

                rupture
                XU Fei,SUN Yu,ZHANG Yanrong,LONG Wei   *
                Department of Obstetrics,Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Maternity and Child Health
                Care Hospital,Nanjing 210004,China


               [Abstract] Objective:To investigate the maternal and infant outcomes and clinical characteristics of uterine rupture. Methods:The
                clinical characteristics and maternal and infant outcomes of 70 patients with uterine rupture who delivered in Nanjing Medical
                University Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from 2009 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed according to whether there was scar
                uterus or not and the time point when uterine rupture was found. Results:① The incidence of uterine rupture in this study was
                0.054%. ② Clinical manifestations:23 cases(32.86%)had abdominal pain,13 cases(18.57%)had vaginal bleeding,9 cases(12.86%)
                had fetal heart abnormalities,7 cases(10%)had hemodynamic instability,11 cases(15.71%)had bloody amniotic fluid,pathological
                contraction of loops and other manifestations,and 29 cases(41.43%)had no clinical manifestations. ③ Maternal and infant outcomes:
                There were 24 cases(34.29%)with complete uterine rupture,4 cases(5.71%)with hysterectomy,30 cases(42.86%)with serious
                postpartum hemorrhage,21 cases(30%)with massive blood transfusion,and no maternal death. Among the 62 newborns,3 cases
               (4.84%)died intrauterine,1 case(1.61%)was given up rescue by family members,5 cases(8.06%)had severe neonatal asphyxia,7
                cases(11.29%)had mild neonatal asphyxia. ④ Compared with scar uterine rupture,non ⁃ scar uterine rupture was more than

               [基金项目] 南京市卫生科技发展专项资金(YKK20142)
                ∗
                通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:wlong@njmu.edu.cn
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