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第42卷第8期
               ·1124 ·                           南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2022年8月


              端,并引入新的错配碱基 C,结果发现,当 crRNA 的                           112461
              间隔序列的5′末端与 野生型 RNA之间有两个错配                         [6] TAMBE A,EAST⁃SELETSKY A,KNOTT G J,et al. RNA
              碱基,而与变异体 RNA 之间只有一个错配碱基时,                              binding and HEPN⁃nuclease activation are decoupled in
              可以有效地区分野生型和变异体。另外,本研究发                                 CRISPR⁃cas13a[J]. Cell Rep,2018,24(4):1025-1036
                                                                [7] YIN L,ZHAO F,SUN H,et al. CRISPR⁃Cas13a inhibits
              现 crRNA 浓度与 CRISPR/Cas13a 检测强度呈正相
                                                                     HIV⁃1 infection[J]. Mol Ther⁃Nucl Acids,2020,2(4):
              关,在 0.05~0.25 μmol/L 范围内,crRNA 浓度越高,
                                                                     147-155
              CRISPR/Cas13a检测强度越大。
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                  通过混合 TP53 野生型和 R248W 变异体,构建                        nucleic acid detection:principles and methods[J]. Bio⁃
              了不同突变频率的 TP53 R248W 变异体,结果显示                           sens Bioelectron,2020,165(1):112430-112487

              CRISPR/Cas13a 方法最低可检出突变频率为 0.01%                  [9] HABIBZADEH P,MOFATTEH M,SILAWI M,et al. Mo⁃
              的 TP53 R248W 变异体(1×10 copies),与同类型报                    lecular diagnostic assays for COVID⁃19:an overview[J].
                                         3
              道检测的灵敏度相当           [13] 。最后,通过对模拟血浆                   Crit Rev Cl Lab Sci,2021,58(6):1-20
              ctDNA的检测,发现CRISPR/Cas13a检测方法可以在                   [10] WANG X,SHANG X,HUANG X. Next⁃generation patho⁃
                                                                     gen diagnosis with CRISPR/Cas⁃based detection methods
                                     4
              血浆中检测出浓度为1×10 copies/μL的TP53 R248W
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              变异体,为下一步临床样本的检测提供重要依据。
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                  综上所述,本研究建立的CRISPR/Cas13a检测方
                                                                     TECTR:CRISPR⁃cas systems as potential rapid diagnos⁃
              法能够快速、灵敏且高效地检出 TP53 R248W 变异                           tic tools for emerging infectious diseases[J]. J Clin Micro⁃
              体,有效区分 TP53 R248W 变异体与 TP53 野生型,                       biol,2021,59(3):e720-e745
              从而为TP53 R248W突变肿瘤的诊断及治疗提供极                        [12] ZHOU L,PENG R,ZHANG R,et al. The applications of
              大帮助。另外,本研究建立的方法学也可应用于其                                 CRISPR/Cas system in molecular detection[J]. J Cell
              他肿瘤驱动基因变异体的检测,从而为肿瘤基因检                                 Mol Med,2018,22(12):5807-5815
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              测提供了新的、多样性的技术手段。
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