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第44卷第2期               刘  谦,瞿 菲,李 薇. 组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂在乳腺癌的治疗进展[J].
                  2024年2月                     南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2024,44(2):281-286                        ·285 ·


                组蛋白的可逆性表观遗传修饰已经成为肿瘤治疗                                  deacetylase inhibitor,in combination with exemestane in
                过程中颇具前景的治疗方案。现阶段 HDACi 药物                              hormone receptor ⁃ positive advanced breast cancer[J].
                主要受制于广泛的 HDAC 抑制性,因而其疗效及安                              Chin J Cancer Res,2018,30(6):605-612
                全性在临床研究中均不能达到预期目标。此外,                            [7] JIANG Z,LI W,HU X,et al. Tucidinostat plus exemes⁃
                                                                       tane for postmenopausal patients with advanced,hormone
                HDACi的相关研究主要局限在晚期乳腺癌,对于早
                                                                       receptor⁃positive breast cancer(ACE):a randomised,dou⁃
                期乳腺癌的关注不够。对于 HR 阳性且 HER2 阴性
                                                                       ble ⁃ blind,placebo ⁃ controlled,phase 3 trial[J]. Lancet
                晚期乳腺癌患者而言,内分泌治疗耐药或者CDK4/6                              Oncol,2019,20(6):806-815
                抑制剂治疗耐药后,选择HDACi联合内分泌治疗已                         [8] YANG C,LI Z,BHATT T,et al. Acquired CDK6 amplifi⁃

                被证实为一种可行的选择。此外,对于晚期 TNBC                               cation promotes breast cancer resistance to CDK4/6 inhib⁃
                患者,HDACi协同化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗甚至放                              itors and loss of ER signaling and dependence[J]. Onco⁃
                疗的联合治疗方案都有望改善患者的预后。不同                                  gene,2017,36(16):2255-2264
                的表观遗传调控机制之间的协作,比如 HDACi 与                        [9] PANDEY K,AN H J,KIM S K,et al. Molecular mecha⁃
                                                                       nisms of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer:
                DNA甲基化调控药物联合,HDACi与miRNA调控药
                                                                       a review[J]. Int J Cancer,2019,145(5):1179-1188
                物联合治疗也在其他实体肿瘤中被报道,我们有望
                                                                 [10] XU B,ZHANG Q,HU X,et al. Entinostat,a class I selec⁃
                通过联合不同的表观遗传调控机制进一步发挥抗
                                                                       tive histone deacetylase inhibitor,plus exemestane for
                肿瘤活性。在当下,HDACi 的表现仍有许多不足。                              Chinese patients with hormone receptor ⁃ positive ad⁃
                其中最突出的方面在于靶向 HDAC 的特异性不足,                              vanced breast cancer:a multicenter,randomized,double⁃
                因而其安全性受到质疑,临床应用受到限制,更加                                 blind,placebo⁃controlled,phase 3 trial[J]. Acta Pharma⁃
                导致患者的依从性的降低。因此,新一代的HDACi                               ceutica Sinica B,2023,13(5):2250-2258
                被要求能够更加精致地靶向特定的 HDAC 种类,减                        [11] SO J Y,OHM J,LIPKOWITZ S,et al. Triple negative
                少其脱靶效应。令人欣喜的是,随着HDACi临床实                               breast cancer(TNBC):Non⁃genetic tumor heterogeneity
                                                                       and immune microenvironment:emerging treatment op⁃
                践的不断完善,新的联合治疗方案也被提出,并且
                                                                       tions[J]. Pharmacol Ther,2022,237:108253
                不断在被完善。然而其合理化及精准化仍然有很
                                                                 [12] TERRANOVA⁃BARBERIO M,THOMAS S,ALI N,et al.
                长的道路要走。尽管挑战巨大,随着新药研发以及
                                                                       HDAC inhibition potentiates immunotherapy in triple neg⁃
                临床研究的不断推进,HDACi有很大希望给乳腺癌                               ative breast cancer[J]. Oncotarget,2017,8(69):
                患者带来更多更好的治疗选择,并且深刻改变乳腺                                 114156-114172
                癌治疗格局。                                           [13] MAITI A,QI Q,PENG X,et al. Class I histone deacety⁃
                                                                       lase inhibitor suppresses vasculogenic mimicry by en⁃
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