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第45卷第4期                           南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
                  2025年4月                   Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)     ·551 ·


               ·临床研究·

                术中残留一定程度屈曲畸形对TKA疗效的影响



                黄   易 ,杨 辉 ,王锦文 ,谈正岗 ,鲍星安 ,陈有泉 ,范卫民 ,刘                       锋  1*
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                南京医科大学第一附属医院骨科,江苏 南京                 210029;扬州大学附属医院骨科,江苏           扬州 225012
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               [摘   要] 目的:探讨全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)治疗伴有严重屈曲畸形(flexion deformity,FD)的膝关节骨
                关节炎,术中残留一定程度FD对疗效的影响。方法:回顾性分析南京医科大学第一附属医院2013年10月—2017年9月间按
                完全矫正FD(<5°)理念治疗的52例伴有严重FD(>30°)的患者,称为术中完全伸直组(52例),以及2017年10月—2021年9月
                间按可以适当残留一定程度FD(5°~10°)理念治疗的43例患者,称为术中未完全伸直组(43例)。记录手术时间、手术出血量、
                术后下肢肿胀程度和术后并发症发生率,记录美国纽约特种外科医院(hospital for special surgery,HSS)膝关节评分、日常生活
                活动量表(activities of daily living scale,ADLs)和疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),比较两组的差异。结果:所
                有患者随访时间为(35.85±1.99)个月(范围 33~39 个月)。术中未完全伸直组患者手术时间更短(P=0.001),手术出血量更少
               (P < 0.001),术后下肢肿胀程度更轻(P < 0.001)。术中未完全伸直组患者术后3个月较术中完全伸直组的患者存在更大的FD
               (P=0.038),但疼痛程度更轻(P=0.031),两组患者术后HSS和ADLs评分未发现显著差异。术后6、12、24、36个月时,两组患者
                残留FD、HSS、ADLs和VAS的差异均无统计学意义。两组患者HSS改善程度在术后3~6个月差异有统计学意义(P=0.004),其
                他阶段的差异无统计学意义。术中未完全伸直组患者较术中完全伸直组患者术后深静脉血栓发生率更低(P=0.048),而两组
                患者中远期并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义。结论:治疗伴有严重FD的膝关节骨关节炎时,TKA术中可以有限地松解组织
                并适当残留一定程度FD(5°~10°)不影响膝关节活动度和功能的恢复,且深静脉血栓发生率更低。
               [关键词] 骨关节炎;关节置换术;屈曲畸形;预后
               [中图分类号] R684                      [文献标志码] A                      [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2025)04⁃551⁃09
                doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN241460



                The effect of residual flexion deformity of certain degree on the efficacy of TKA

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                HUANG Yi ,YANG Hui ,WANG Jinwen ,TAN Zhenggang ,BAO Xing’an ,CHEN Youquan ,FAN Weimin ,LIU
                Feng 1*
                Department of Orthopaedics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029;
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                2 Department of Orthopaedics,Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225012,China
               [Abstract] Objective:To investigate the effect of residual flexion deformity(FD)to a certain degree during total knee arthroplasty
               (TKA)on the efficacy in patients with severe FD associated with knee osteoarthritis. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted
                at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University on the 52 patients with severe FD(>30°)treated based on the concept of
                completely correcting FD(within 5°)from October 2013 to September 2017,referred to as the intraoperatively completely⁃extended
                group(n=52),and the 43 patients treated based on the concept of appropriately retaining a certain degree of FD(5°-10°)from October
                2017 to September 2021,referred to as the intraoperatively incompletely⁃extended group(n=43). The operation time,intraoperative
                blood loss,postoperative lower limb swelling,and the incidence of postoperative complications were recorded. The hospital for special
                surgery(HSS)score,activities of daily living scale(ADLs),and visual analogue scale(VAS)were also to compare the differences
                between the two groups. Results:All patients successfully completed the surgery,and were followed up for(35.85±1.99)months(range
                33-39 months). Patients in the intraoperatively incompletely⁃extended group had shorter surgical time(P=0.001),less operative blood
                loss(P < 0.001),and had less postoperative lower limb swelling(P < 0.001). At 3 months post⁃surgery,patients in the incompletely⁃
                extended group had greater residual FD(P=0.038)but less pain(P=0.031)than those in the completely⁃extended group. No significant
                differences were found in postoperative HSS and ADLs scores between the two groups. At 6,12,24,and 36 months post⁃surgery,there

               [基金项目] 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20191492)
                通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:njliuf@163.com(ORCID:0000⁃0002⁃3602⁃3840)
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