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第46卷第3期         杨   洁,孙惠苗,杨 宏,等. IDEAL⁃IQ及IVIM定量参数评价B⁃ALL患儿危险度分层及预测
                  2026年3月          早期化疗反应的初步研究[J]. 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(3):324-332                   ·325 ·


                chemotherapy. According to day 33 bone marrow MRD after chemotherapy,the children were divided into a CR group(54 cases)and
                an N⁃CR group(25 cases). Clinical data such as age,sex,risk stratification,peripheral blood white blood cell count(WBC),bone
                marrow blast percentage,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and central nervous system leukemia(CNSL)involvement were also collected.
                Results:In evaluating the risk stratification of children with B⁃ALL,the f value of the lumbar vertebrae in the high⁃risk group was
                significantly higher than that in the medium⁃and low⁃risk groups(all P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis with peripheral blood
                WBC and lumbar vertebral f value as independent variables and clinical risk as the dependent variable revealed that f value is a high⁃
                risk factor for B⁃ALL(ORf=48 082.101,P < 0.001). In evaluating the early chemotherapy response,compared to the N⁃CR group,the
                                                                                                 *
                CR group had significantly higher proton density fat fraction(PDFF)and effective transverse relaxivity rate(R2 )after chemotherapy
                                                                                                         *
               (P=0.005,P=0.008). Pretreatment risk stratification,pure diffusion coefficient(D),and pseudo diffusion coefficient(D )values
                differed significantly between the CR and N ⁃ CR groups(P < 0.001,P=0.024,and P=0.030). Post ⁃ chemotherapy PDFF,pre ⁃
                                                                                                 *
                                 *
                chemotherapy D ,and D values were independent risk factors for N⁃CR. The values of the pre⁃chemotherapy D+D in predicting N⁃CR
                had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.817,slightly higher than that of the post⁃chemotherapy PDFF(AUC=0.807). Conclusion:The
                f value of the lumbar vertebrae can be used to predict the clinical risk stratification of children with B⁃ALL. The pre⁃chemotherapy D+
                 *
                D value has significant predictive value for the early chemotherapy response of children with B⁃ALL.
               [Key words] lumbar vertebra;IDEAL⁃IQ;IVIM;acute lymphoblastic leukemia;early chemotherapeutic response;risk stratification
                                                                              [J Nanjing Med Univ,2026,46(03):324⁃332]







                    急性淋巴细胞白血病(acutelymphoblasticleukemia,         factor,b)扫描,无需使用外源性对比剂,能更准确
                                                                                             [6]
                ALL)是一种起源于B系或T系淋巴细胞的在骨髓内                          反映组织灌注情况及病理状态 。有学者应用腰椎
                                                                                                           [7]
                异常增生的恶性肿瘤性疾病,其中急性 B 淋巴母细                          IVIM技术评价成人急性髓细胞白血病的预后 ,结
                胞白血病(B⁃acute lymphatic leukemia,B⁃ALL)在儿          果显示初诊时较高的 灌注分数(perfusion fraction,f)
                童中发病率更高 。临床上化疗方案的选择主要依                            及较低的纯扩散系数(true diffusion coefficient,D)与
                              [1]
                赖B⁃ALL 危险度分层和化疗反应的评估,且早期化                         短的总生存率有关,说明腰椎IVIM可用于评价白血
                                                    [2]
                疗反应是儿科 B⁃ALL 最重要的预后因素 ,临床上                        病的结局。
                评价危险度分层和化疗反应主要依靠骨髓穿刺活                                 本研究主要探讨IDEAL⁃IQ联合IVIM定量参数
                检术行骨髓细胞形态学和病理学检查。骨髓穿刺活                            评价B⁃ALL 儿童危险度分层的意义,并分析化疗前
                检为有创检查,易合并感染、出血、多次穿刺等风险。                          后各 MRI 定量参数预测 B⁃ALL 患儿化疗反应的价
                    磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)         值,为临床及时调整治疗方案提供创新性的影像学
                是一种敏感、无创、无辐射、可进行体内定性和定量                           标志物,从而辅助骨髓穿刺活检对血液系统疾病作
                                                        [3]
                的影像技术,可以直观反映骨的病理生理改变 。当                           出更加全面的评估。
                儿童发生B⁃ALL 时,肿瘤细胞取代了骨髓的正常内
                                                                  1 资料和方法
                容物,白血病细胞的浸润和增长进一步导致正常骨
                髓结构被破坏,红骨髓含量、脂肪含量及水/脂肪比                           1.1  资料
                例均有显著改变。非对称回波和最小二乘估计迭                                 选取 2022 年 6 月—2024 年 10 月山西省儿童医

                代水脂分离技术(iterative decomposition of water and      院初诊为 B⁃ALL 并行腰骶椎 MRI 检查的儿童。纳
                fat with echo asymmetry and least ⁃ squares estimation  入标准:①经临床症状及骨髓穿刺确诊的 B⁃ALL
                quantification sequence,IDEAL⁃IQ)可定量分离水           者;②年龄<14 岁;③无 MRI 检查禁忌证。排除标

                脂,一次扫描即可获得质子密度脂肪分数(proton                         准:①合并腰椎其他疾病或心肝肾等重要器官严重
                density fat fraction,PDFF)像、有效横向弛豫率(effective     疾病者;②合并其他恶性肿瘤、其他类型血液系统
                transverse relaxivity rate,R2 )像、脂肪像、水像、同相        疾病或恶性肿瘤者;③临床资料不完整者;④MRI检
                                        *
                位像和反相位像       [4-5] 。该序列扫描速度快,尤其适用                查图像有伪影。所有研究对象均于化疗前行腰椎

                于儿童。体素内不相干运动(intravoxel incoherent                IDEAL⁃IQ及IVIM扫描。本研究经山西省儿童医院
                motion,IVIM)采用多扩散敏感因子(diffusion sensitive         伦理委员会批准(IRB⁃KYYN⁃2022⁃010),入组研究
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