Page 76 - 《南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)》2026年第3期
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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)                                  第46卷第3期
               ·384 ·                     Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)   2026年3月


             ·临床研究·

              南京市大学生对细颗粒物污染影响呼吸系统健康的知信行调查



              沈浩然 ,黄奕欣 ,何子洁 ,笪亦强 ,陆姿蓉 ,王智浩 ,秦 鹏 ,周思成 ,唐 宇 ,高海祺 ,杜牧龙                              3,4,5 ,郑 瑞 3,4,5*
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               南京医科大学儿科学院,第一临床医学院,公共卫生学院,现代毒理学教育部重点实验室,公共卫生安全与应急防控技术
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              省高校重点实验室,江苏 南京            211166
             [摘    要] 目的:探究南京市大学生关于细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM2.5)污染及其对呼吸系统健康影响的知信行
             (knowledge,attitudes,and practices,KAP)现状,为大学生呼吸系统健康教育提供理论与实践指导。方法:招募2024年8—11月
              南京市550名在校大学生作为研究对象,采用在线调查问卷形式,针对PM2.5污染影响呼吸系统健康KAP开展调查。结果:在
              451份完整有效调查问卷中,PM2.5相关知识得分正确率仅为43.53%,呼吸系统健康知识得分正确率仅为40.30%,态度平均得
              分3.38分(总分4分),行为平均得分3.00分(总分4分)。多元线性回归分析显示,经济水平(生活开销、家庭收入)正向影响知
              识和行为评分(β=0.283,P < 0.01),而家族病史对知识评分起负效应(β=-0.108,P < 0.05)。经济水平(生活开销、家庭收入)正
              向影响知识(β=0.162,P < 0.01)和行为评分(β=0.283,P < 0.01)。结构方程模型(structural equation model,SEM)证实知识、态度
             [标准化路径系数(standardized path coefficients,SPC=0.270,P < 0.01)]、行为(SPC=0.148,P < 0.01)的显著因果传递效应,并识
              别出42条显著的影响路径关系,但部分知识条目与行为呈负相关,提示情境因素(如生活压力、时间紧张等)抑制行为转化。
              结论:南京市大学生对PM2.5污染及其对呼吸系统健康影响的认识与应对措施整体薄弱。应基于大学生专业背景、家庭收入、
              年龄等因素,开展针对性PM2.5防治知识普及与呼吸系统健康教育,通过多主体协同干预促进大学生KAP的有效转化。
             [关键词] 细颗粒物;呼吸系统健康;大学生;知信行;健康传播
             [中图分类号] R52.26                   [文献标志码] A                       [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2026)03⁃384⁃12
              doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN250124



              A survey on the knowledge,attitudes,and practices of college students in Nanjing
              regarding the impact of fine particulate matter pollution on respiratory health
              SHEN Haoran ,HUANG Yixin ,HE Zijie ,DA Yiqiang ,LU Zirong ,WANG Zhihao ,QIN Peng ,ZHOU Sicheng ,
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              TANG Yu ,GAO Haiqi ,DU Mulong    ,ZHENG Rui
               School of Pediatrics,The First School of Clinical Medicine,School of Public Health,The Key Laboratory of Modern
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              Toxicology of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety and Emergency Prevention and Control
              Technology of Higher Education Institution in Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China
             [Abstract] Objective:To investigate the knowledge,attitudes,and practices(KAP)of college students in Nanjing regarding fine
              particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution and its impact on respiratory health,providing theoretical and practical guidance for respiratory
              health education. Methods:From August to November 2024,550 college students in Nanjing were recruited as study participants. An
              online questionnaire survey was conducted to assess KAP related to PM 2.5 pollution and respiratory health. Results:Among 451 valid
              responses,the accuracy rates of PM 2.5⁃related knowledge and respiratory health knowledge were only 43.53% and 40.30%,respectively.
              The mean attitude score was 3.38(out of a total of 4),while the mean behavior score was 3.00(out of a total of 4). Multiple linear
              regression analysis revealed that economic status(monthly expenditure,household income)positively influenced knowledge(β=0.162,
              P < 0.01)and behavior scores(β=0.283,P < 0.01),whereas family history of respiratory diseases negatively affected knowledge scores
             (β=-0.108,P < 0.05). The structural equation model(SEM)confirmed the significant causal transmission effect of knowledge,attitude
             [standardized path coefficients(SPC)=0.270,P < 0.01],and behavior(SPC=0.148,P < 0.01). A total of 42 significant influence
              pathways were identified,though some knowledge components including respiratory protection exhibited negative associations with

             [基金项目] 南京医科大学教育研究课题重点项目(NY1032023025)
              通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:ruizheng@njmu.edu.cn(ORICD:0000⁃0001⁃7020⁃3354)
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