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第46卷第7期 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
2026年7月 Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences) ·973 ·
·专题研究:神经精神疾病·
布比卡因脂通过线粒体钙信号轴影响老年麻醉患者认知功能的
机制
付太冉,孙传峰,咸 峰 *
常州市第一人民医院(苏州大学附属第三医院)麻醉科,江苏 常州 213003
[摘 要] 目的:探讨布比卡因(bupivacaine,BPV)脂质通过线粒体钙信号轴对老年麻醉患者术后认知功能障碍(postopera⁃
tive cognitive dysfunction,POCD)的影响。方法:选择2022年1月—2024年12月在常州市第一人民医院接受全髋关节置换手术
的61例患者作为研究对象,分为POCD组(n=15)和非POCD组(n=46)。麻醉方法均为腰麻联合BPV脂质体进行髋关节囊周围
神经阻滞。采用ELISA 试剂盒检测外周血白细胞线粒体膜呼吸链复合体Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ活性水平。48只18个月大的C57BL/6
雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、ASM981组、POCD组和POCD+ASM981组,每组12只。莫里斯水迷宫评估小鼠的空间记忆和学习
能力。原代神经元细胞分为空白(Con)组、BPV组、ASM981组、BPV+ASM981组。通过蛋白质印迹法分析AMP依赖的蛋白激酶
(adenosine 5′⁃monophosphate⁃activated protein kinase,AMPK)和动力相关蛋白1(dynamic related protein 1,Drp1)表达情况,Mito⁃
Tracker Red标记观察神经元的线粒体。结果:非POCD组老年患者的白细胞线粒体膜呼吸链复合体Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ活性显著高
于POCD组(P < 0.05)。与POCD组相比,POCD+ASM981组小鼠的逃避潜伏期花费的时间更少,穿过平台的次数增加,在原平
台区域停留的时间更长,并且增加了到目标象限的距离(P < 0.05)。BPV+ASM981组原代神经元中p⁃AMPK、mito⁃Drp1蛋白水
平和钙调神经磷酸酶显著低于BPV 组(P均< 0.05),p⁃Ser637⁃Drp1蛋白水平显著高于BPV 组,线粒体分支长度显著长于BPV
组(P均< 0.05)。结论:ASM981对BPV诱导的老年小鼠认知功能障碍具有保护作用,作用机制可能是通过抑制AMPK信号通
路介导的线粒体分裂,进而改善线粒体功能障碍。
[关键词] 布比卡因;钙调神经磷酸酶;老年小鼠;线粒体;认知功能
[中图分类号] R614 [文献标志码] A [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2026)07⁃973⁃10
doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN250900
Mechanisms of bupivacaine liposomes in modulating cognitive function via mitochondrial
calcium signaling axis in geriatric anesthesia
FU Tairan,SUN Chuanfeng,XIAN Feng *
Department of Anesthesiology,The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou(The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow
University),Changzhou 213003,China
[Abstract] Objective:To investigate the effect of bupivacaine(BPV)lipid on cognitive function of elderly anesthesia patients
through mitochondrial calcium signal axis modulation. Methods:Sixty ⁃ one patients who underwent total hip replacement in our
hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects and divided into POCD group(n=15)and non⁃
POCD group(n=46). Anesthesia methods were spinal anesthesia combined with bupivacaine liposome for pericapsular nerve block of
hip joint. The activity levels of respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ ,Ⅱ ,Ⅲ ,and Ⅳ in mitochondrial membrane of peripheral blood
leukocytes were detected by ELISA kit. Forty⁃eight 18⁃month⁃old C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into control group,
ASM981 group,POCD group and POCD+ASM981 group with 12 mice in each group. Morris water maze was used to evaluate the
spatial memory and learning ability of mice. Primary neurons were divided into three groups:blank(Con)group,BPV group,ASM981
group,and BPV+ASM981 group. The expressions of AMP⁃dependent protein kinase(AMPK)and dynamic related protein 1(Drp1)
[基金项目] 2024年度医院药学高质量发展研究项目专项课题(NIHAZX202415);常州市高层次人才项目(KY20221373);常
州卫生健康委员会重大项目(ZD202308)
通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:18008327343@163.com(ORCID:0009⁃0005⁃5407⁃6611)
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