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Ethical challenges and response paths of brain⁃computer interface
technology application in the medical field

XIE Zongwang
School of Marxism，Hohai University，Nanjing 211100，China
Abstract：As a vital part of human enhancement technology， brain ⁃ computer interface technology
demonstrates widespread applicability in the medical field，especially in the treatment and rehabilitation of
neurological disorders，which has significant advantages over traditional therapies. Concurrently，the application
of brain⁃computer interface technology in the medical field brings ethical challenges. First，it raises privacy⁃
related issues and compromises human autonomy. Second，it creates difficulty in attributing responsibility to
relevant parties and laws. Third， it causes potential psychological impacts on users. Fourth， it raises
controversies regarding technical fairness caused by the brain⁃computer interface. To address these ethical
problems arising from the brain⁃computer interface at the medical level，this study recommends the following
strategies. First，it is essential to establish ethical principles that are specifically targeted to the privacy
risks of brain ⁃ computer interface technology. Second，it is crucial to clarify the attribution of relevant
responsibilities through both technical governance and non⁃technical governance. Third，it is vital to raise
awareness and understanding of brain ⁃ computer interface technology among all parties. Fourth， it is
recommended to resolve the dispute concerning technical fairness through technical optimization. In the
medical application of brain ⁃ computer interface technology，the goal of using technology for good should
always serve as the fundamental guiding principle.
Key words：brain⁃computer interface technology；medicine；ethical challenges；ethical principles；response
path