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南京医科大学学报(社会科学版)京医科大学学报(社会科学版)
南 第4期 总第135期
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Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences)of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences) 2026年8月
Journal
型。这表明老年期饮食干预绝非“临时补课”,而需 stop hypertension(DASH),and Mediterranean ⁃ DASH
在中年阶段即建立并终身维持。建议将 cMIND 饮 intervention for neurodegenerative delay(MIND)diets are
食教育前置至社区中年人群健康讲座,推动“认知 associated with less cognitive decline and a lower risk
友好型”家庭膳食结构的整体转型,而非仅针对已 of Alzheimer’s disease—a review[J]. Adv Nutr,2019,
出现认知减退的老年人进行事后干预。⑤多维整 10(6):1040-1065
合干预。鉴于规律锻炼、已婚/同居及低抑郁水平对 [8] Hosking D E,Eramudugolla R,Cherbuin N,et al. MIND
维持高饮食依从性的保护作用,社区老年健康项目 not Mediterranean diet related to 12 ⁃ year incidence of
应打破单一行为干预的局限,将 cMIND 饮食推广与 cognitive impairment in an Australian longitudinal co⁃
hort study[J]. Alzheimers Dement,2019,15(4):581-589
结伴就餐、集体锻炼及心理关爱相结合,通过社会
[9] Huang X,Aihemaitijiang S,Ye C,et al. Development of
支持网络强化饮食行为的可持续性,实现“饮食—
the cMIND diet and its association with cognitive im⁃
运动—社交”的协同认知保护效应。
pairment in older Chinese people[J]. J Nutr Health Ag⁃
综上所述,本研究基于CLHLS 2008—2018年四
ing,2022,26(8):760-770
波次纵向追踪数据,采用潜类别增长分析识别了中
[10]Lin W J,Zhou X Y,Liu X Y. Association of adherence
国老年人群 cMIND 饮食的四种长期轨迹:持续高依
to the Chinese version of the MIND diet with reduced
从、稳定中等、中等—下降及持续低依从。与持续
cognitive decline in older Chinese individuals:Analysis
高依从者相比,中等—下降型与持续低依从型的 10
of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
年认知障碍风险显著升高,且该关联独立于人口学 [J]. J Nutr Health Aging,2024,28(2):100024
特征、生活方式及慢性病因素。高龄、低教育水平、 [11]Lu L K,Cai S L,Xiao Q,et al. The association between
农村居住、缺乏规律锻炼及抑郁是低依从轨迹的独 Chinese adapted MIND diet and cognitive function in
立风险因素。上述发现提示,社区营养干预应尽早 Chinese middle⁃aged and older adults:results from the
启动、长期坚持,重点关注农村及低教育水平等脆 Chinese Square Dance Cohort[J]. Eur J Nutr,2024,64
弱群体,并通过“饮食—运动—社交”整合策略促进 (1):22
老年认知健康。 [12] Zhao Y H,Hu Y S,Smith J P,et al. Cohort profile:the
China health and retirement longitudinal study(CHARLS)
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