Page 46 - 南京医科大学社科版
P. 46

南京医科大学学报(社会科学版)京医科大学学报(社会科学版)
                                                    南                                             第4期 总第135期
              · 376  ·
                                             Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences)of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences)  2026年8月
                                             Journal
               型。这表明老年期饮食干预绝非“临时补课”,而需                                stop hypertension(DASH),and Mediterranean ⁃ DASH
               在中年阶段即建立并终身维持。建议将 cMIND 饮                              intervention for neurodegenerative delay(MIND)diets are
               食教育前置至社区中年人群健康讲座,推动“认知                                 associated with less cognitive decline and a lower risk
               友好型”家庭膳食结构的整体转型,而非仅针对已                                 of Alzheimer’s disease—a review[J]. Adv Nutr,2019,
               出现认知减退的老年人进行事后干预。⑤多维整                                  10(6):1040-1065
               合干预。鉴于规律锻炼、已婚/同居及低抑郁水平对                          [8] Hosking D E,Eramudugolla R,Cherbuin N,et al. MIND
               维持高饮食依从性的保护作用,社区老年健康项目                                 not Mediterranean diet related to 12 ⁃ year incidence of
               应打破单一行为干预的局限,将 cMIND 饮食推广与                             cognitive impairment in an Australian longitudinal co⁃
                                                                      hort study[J]. Alzheimers Dement,2019,15(4):581-589
               结伴就餐、集体锻炼及心理关爱相结合,通过社会
                                                                [9] Huang X,Aihemaitijiang S,Ye C,et al. Development of
               支持网络强化饮食行为的可持续性,实现“饮食—
                                                                      the cMIND diet and its association with cognitive im⁃
               运动—社交”的协同认知保护效应。
                                                                      pairment in older Chinese people[J]. J Nutr Health Ag⁃
                   综上所述,本研究基于CLHLS 2008—2018年四
                                                                      ing,2022,26(8):760-770
               波次纵向追踪数据,采用潜类别增长分析识别了中
                                                                [10]Lin W J,Zhou X Y,Liu X Y. Association of adherence
               国老年人群 cMIND 饮食的四种长期轨迹:持续高依
                                                                      to the Chinese version of the MIND diet with reduced
               从、稳定中等、中等—下降及持续低依从。与持续
                                                                      cognitive decline in older Chinese individuals:Analysis
               高依从者相比,中等—下降型与持续低依从型的 10
                                                                      of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
               年认知障碍风险显著升高,且该关联独立于人口学                                [J]. J Nutr Health Aging,2024,28(2):100024
               特征、生活方式及慢性病因素。高龄、低教育水平、                          [11]Lu L K,Cai S L,Xiao Q,et al. The association between
               农村居住、缺乏规律锻炼及抑郁是低依从轨迹的独                                 Chinese adapted MIND diet and cognitive function in
               立风险因素。上述发现提示,社区营养干预应尽早                                 Chinese middle⁃aged and older adults:results from the
               启动、长期坚持,重点关注农村及低教育水平等脆                                 Chinese Square Dance Cohort[J]. Eur J Nutr,2024,64
               弱群体,并通过“饮食—运动—社交”整合策略促进                               (1):22
               老年认知健康。                                          [12] Zhao Y H,Hu Y S,Smith J P,et al. Cohort profile:the
                                                                      China health and retirement longitudinal study(CHARLS)
               参考文献
                                                                     [J]. Int J Epidemiol,2014,43(1):61-68
              [1] 曹江翎,王烨,钱东福,等. 老年人群认知障碍影响因素                    [13] Jin X R,He W Y,Zhang Y,et al. Association of APOE
                    及作用机制[J]. 南京医科大学学报(社会科学版),                        ε4 genotype and lifestyle with cognitive function among
                    2019,19(2):119-123                                Chinese adults aged 80 years and older:a cross⁃section⁃
                                                                      al study[J]. PLoS Med,2021,18(6):e1003597
              [2] Takechi H. Dementia care in an aging world:achieve⁃
                                                                [14] Zhang Z M. Gender differentials in cognitive impairment
                    ments,challenges,and future directions[J]. Geriatr Geron⁃
                                                                      and decline of the oldest old in China[J]. J Gerontol B
                    tol Int,2026,26(5):e70506
              [3] Jia L F,Du Y F,Chu L,et al. Prevalence,risk factors,  Psychol Sci Soc Sci,2006,61(2):S107-S115
                                                                [15]Cui G H,Yao Y H,Xu R F,et al. Cognitive impairment
                    and management of dementia and mild cognitive impair⁃
                                                                      using education⁃based cutoff points for CMMSE scores
                    ment in adults aged 60 years or older in China:a cross⁃
                    sectional study[J]. Lancet Public Heal,2020,5(12):  in elderly Chinese people of agricultural and rural
                                                                      Shanghai China[J]. Acta Neurol Scand,2011,124(6):
                    e661-e671
                                                                      361-367
              [4] Livingston G,Huntley J,Liu K Y,et al. Dementia pre⁃
                                                                [16]Cai D H,Zeng Y X,Xu X P,et al. Association of the
                    vention,intervention,and care:2024 report of the Lan⁃
                    cet standing Commission[J]. Lancet,2024,404(10452):  cMIND diet with cognitive impairment in older adults:
                                                                      evidence from a 10⁃year nationwide study[J]. Front Nutr,
                    572-628
                                                                      2025,12:1716435
              [5] Morris M C,Tangney C C,Wang Y M,et al. MIND diet
                                                                [17]Scarmeas N,Anastasiou C A,Yannakoulia M. Nutrition
                    associated with reduced incidence of Alzheimer’s dis⁃
                                                                      and prevention of cognitive impairment[J]. Lancet Neu⁃
                    ease[J]. Alzheimers Dement,2015,11(9):1007-1014
                                                                      rol,2018,17(11):1006-1015
              [6] Morris M C,Tangney C C,Wang Y M,et al. MIND diet
                                                                [18]Kheirouri S,Alizadeh M. MIND diet and cognitive per⁃
                    slows cognitive decline with aging[J]. Alzheimers De⁃
                    ment,2015,11(9):1015-1022                         formance in older adults:a systematic review[J]. Crit
                                                                      Rev Food Sci Nutr,2022,62(29):8059-8077
              [7] van den Brink A C,Brouwer⁃Brolsma E M,Berendsen A
                                                                                               (本文编辑:姜 鑫)
                    A M,et al. The Mediterranean,dietary approaches to
   41   42   43   44   45   46   47   48   49   50   51