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                                                    南京医科大学学报(社会科学版)京医科大学学报(社会科学版)                 第5期 总第136期
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                                             Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences)of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences)  2026年10月
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                Comparison of medical assistance systems in representative countries

                                             and implications for China

                                                    Wang Xinyue,Yang Jinxia
                                  School of Health Management,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China
                   Abstract:The medical assistance system is an important part of the multi⁃level healthcare security system,

               and a key institutional mechanism to promote equity and justice. As representatives of four typical medical
               insurance models,including the Beveridge model,the Bismarck model,the market⁃based insurance model and
               the mixed model,six developed countries,namely the United Kingdom,Japan,Germany,the United States,
               Singapore and Australia,have developed more mature and comprehensive medical assistance systems. This
               study systematically reviews and compares the current situation of medical assistance systems in these six
               countries and China to identify the problems that need to be solved and improved in China's medical assistance
               system. Drawing on international experience,this study puts forward relevant suggestions,including improving
               the legal and regulatory framework,expanding financing sources,enhancing the function of central top⁃level
               design,strengthening the accurate identification of eligible beneficiaries and optimizing the tiered financial
               burden reduction mechanism that prioritizes insurance before assistance,aiming to promote universal health
               coverage in China.
                   Key words:medical assistance;healthcare security;international comparison;implications
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