Page 32 - 《南京医科大学学报》自然科学版2026年第2期

南京医科大学学报（自然科学版） 第46卷第2期
·188 · Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Natural Sciences） 2026年2月

·基础研究·

不同性别来源人胚胎干细胞与羊膜间充质干细胞外泌体蛋白

质组学与miRNA谱分析

黄蓓蓓 ，宁 松 ，吴慧敏 ，覃莲菊 ，刁飞扬 1，2*
2
2
1
2
南京医科大学生殖医学与子代健康全国重点实验室，江苏 南京 211103；南京医科大学第一附属医院生殖医学中心，江
1 2
苏 南京 210036

［摘 要］ 目的：探讨不同性别来源人胚胎干细胞外泌体（human embryonic stem cell⁃derived exosome，hESC⁃exo）和人羊膜间充
质干细胞外泌体（human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell⁃derived exosome，hAMSC⁃exo）在蛋白质组学和转录组学层面的差异。
方法：构建符合外泌体研究的培养体系，通过超速离心分别从男女株人胚胎干细胞（human embryonic stem cell，hESC）和人羊膜
间充质干细胞（human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell，hAMSC）中获得质量符合研究要求的外泌体（exosome，exo），采用液相色
谱⁃串联质谱（liquid chromatography⁃tandem mass spectrometry，LC⁃MS/MS）分析来定义蛋白质组学表征，进行高通量测序以确定
微小RNA（microRNA，miRNA）谱。通过生物信息学分析确定外泌体调控的主要生物学过程和通路。结果：在蛋白质组学和转
录组学层面，hAMSC⁃exo男株与女株表征类似，而hESC⁃exo男株与女株间存在较大差异。miRNA图谱和蛋白质组分析揭示了
hESC⁃exo主要与发育、代谢相关，hAMSC⁃exo主要与免疫、代谢相关。结论：通过蛋白质组学和miRNA测序对不同性别来源的
hAMSC⁃exo和hESC⁃exo进行了系统分析，预测它们的生物学功能，揭示其在不同领域的应用潜力，为临床前和临床试验中选择
更优来源细胞提供新的视角。
［关键词］ 外泌体；人羊膜间充质干细胞；人胚胎干细胞；miRNA；蛋白质组
［中图分类号］ R329；Q7 ［文献标志码］ A ［文章编号］ 1007⁃4368（2026）02⁃188⁃14
doi：10.7655/NYDXBNSN250918

Comparative analysis of sex ⁃ specific exosomal proteomes and miRNA profiles：human
embryonic stem cells versus human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells

1 2 2 2 1，2
HUANG Beibei ，NING Song ，WU Huimin ，QIN Lianju ，DIAO Feiyang
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health，Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 211103；
1
2 Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine，the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing
210036，China

［Abstract］ Objective：To investigate proteomic and transcriptomic differences between exosomes derived from sex⁃specific human
embryonic stem cells（hESC⁃exo）and human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells（hAMSC⁃exo）at the molecular level. Methods：A
defined cell culture system optimized for exosome research was established. High ⁃ quality exosomes were isolated via
ultracentrifugation from male and female lines of hESCs and hAMSCs. Proteomic characterization was performed using liquid
chromatography⁃tandem mass spectrometry（LC⁃MS/MS），while microRNA（miRNA）profiles were determined by high⁃throughput
sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis subsequently identified key biological processes and pathways regulated by the exosomes. Results：
At both proteomic and transcriptomic levels，exosomes derived from male and female hAMSCs exhibited similar molecular profiles，
whereas those originating from male and female hESCs showed significant sex ⁃ based differences. Integrated miRNA profiling and
proteomic analysis revealed that hESC⁃exo were primarily associated with developmental and metabolic processes，while hAMSC⁃exo
predominantly participated in immune and metabolic functions. Conclusion：Through systematic proteomic and miRNA sequencing
analyses of sex⁃specific exosomes derived from hAMSCs and hESCs，this study predicted their biological functions and revealed their

［基金项目］ 国家重点研发计划（2022YFC2702505）
通信作者（Corresponding author），E⁃mail：phenix_y@163.com（ORCID：0000⁃0003⁃0118⁃3382）
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