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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)                                  第46卷第5期
              ·644 ·                      Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)   2026年5月


             ·专题研究:妇产科疾病·

              两种测序技术在子宫内膜癌分子分型中的应用比较



              张志聪,戚晓瑜,马志芳,徐 敏,顾 芸                  *
              南京医科大学附属妇产医院(南京市妇幼保健院)病理科,江苏                      南京   210004




             [摘    要] 目的:探讨免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)染色联合Sanger测序与二代测序(next⁃generation sequencing,
              NGS)在子宫内膜癌(endometrial carcinoma,EC)分子分型中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2019年10月—2023年6月123例
              EC 患者资料,其中48例采用IHC 联合Sanger 测序,75例采用NGS 技术进行分子分型,比较两组分子分型结果。另选取10例
              涵盖 POLE 超突变型(POLE ultramutated,POLEmut)、错配修复缺陷型(mismatch repair deficiency,dMMR)、无特定分子特征
              型(no specific molecular profile,NSMP)和 p53 异常型(p53 abnormal,p53abn)4 种分子亚型且兼具不同临床分期与组织学分
              级的代表性样本,同步进行 IHC 联合 Sanger 测序与 NGS 检测结果的比较分析。结果:123 例 EC 患者中,POLEmut 型 12 例
             (9.7%)、dMMR 型 31 例(25.2%)、NSMP 型 67 例(54.5%)及 p53abn 型 13 例(10.6%)。其中 48 例经 IHC 联合 Sanger 测序检出
              POLEmut 型 1 例(2.1%)、dMMR 型 12 例(25.0%)、NSMP 型 29 例(60.4%)及 p53abn 型 6 例(12.5%);75 例经 NGS 检出 POLEmut
              型 11 例(14.7%)、dMMR 型 19 例(25.3%)、NSMP 型 38 例(50.7%)及 p53abn 型 7 例(9.3%)。10 例验证实验发现,IHC 联合
              Sanger 测序与 NGS 在检测 POLE 突变和微卫星状态方面结果完全一致,但 IHC 对 p53 异常表达的漏检率为 10%(1/10)。
              结论:IHC 联合 Sanger 测序与 NGS 在 EC 分子分型中具有较好的一致性,但 NGS 对 POLE 突变及复杂亚型的检测更具优势,
              有助于提高分型准确性,降低临床误判风险。
             [关键词] 子宫内膜癌;分子分型;免疫组织化学;Sanger测序;二代测序
             [中图分类号] R737.33                  [文献标志码] A                       [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2026)05⁃644⁃08
              doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN250792



              Comparison of two sequencing technologies for molecular classification of endometrial
              carcinoma
                                                                *
              ZHANG Zhicong,QI Xiaoyu,MA Zhifang,XU Min,GU Yun
              Department of Pathology,Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Women and Children’s
              Healthcare Hospital),Nanjing 210004,China


             [Abstract] Objective:To explore the application value of immunohistochemistry(IHC)combined with Sanger sequencing versus
              next ⁃ generation sequencing(NGS)in the molecular classification of endometrial carcinoma(EC). Methods:Clinical data of 123
              patients with EC between October 2019 and June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them,48 cases were classified using IHC
              combined with Sanger sequencing,and 75 cases were classified using NGS technology. The molecular classification results of the two
              groups were compared. Additionally,10 representative samples covering the four molecular subtypes,POLE ultramutated(POLEmut),
              mismatch repair deficiency(dMMR),no specific molecular profile(NSMP),and p53 abnormal(p53abn),with varying clinical stages
              and histological grades were selected for a comparative analysis of the results obtained from IHC combined with Sanger sequencing and
              NGS. Results:Among the 123 EC patients,12(9.7%)were POLEmut,31(25.2%)were dMMR,67(54.5%)were NSMP,and 13
             (10.6%)were p53abn. Of the 48 cases assessed by IHC combined with Sanger sequencing,1(2.1%)was POLEmut,12(25.0%)were
              dMMR,29(60.4%)were NSMP,and 6(12.5%)were p53abn. Among the 75 cases assessed by NGS,11(14.7%)were POLEmut,19
             (25.3%)were dMMR,38(50.7%)were NSMP,and 7(9.3%)were p53abn. The validation experiment on 10 samples showed that IHC
              combined with Sanger sequencing and NGS yielded completely consistent results in detecting POLE mutations and microsatellite
              status. However,IHC had a 10%(1/10)missed detection rate for aberrant p53 expression. Conclusion:IHC combined with Sanger

             [基金项目] 国家自然科学基金(82403223)
              通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:guyun1979@njmu.edu.cn(ORCID:0000⁃0002⁃2783⁃2929)
              ∗
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