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                                             Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences)of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences)  2025年10月
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                  Interpretation of dimensions and normative explanation: on“gross

                                        negligence”in medical malpractice

                                                         LI Chengming
                                          School of Law,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China
                   Abstract:In article 335 of Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China regarding the crime of medical
               accidents,the interpretation of“serious dereliction of duty”plays a key role in the determination of criminal
               liability for medical negligence. However,issues such as insufficient normative guidance and vague judicial
               determination have led to frequent occurrences of inconsistent judgments in similar cases. Among existing
               theories, the “subjective theory”“objective theory” and “comprehensive theory” all have deficiencies.
               Accordingly,we should re ⁃ examine the interpretive logic of“serious dereliction of duty”and construct a new
               comprehensive theory by adopting“gross negligence”as the interpretive framework. Under this theoretical
               framework,“serious dereliction of duty”is defined as a composite subjective ⁃ objective element,requiring
               simultaneous satisfaction of the standards of“ease and inadequacy in fulfilling the duty of foresight”and“high
               degree of foreseeability”. The new comprehensive theory not only provides doctrinal guidance for the normative
               application of the crime of medical malpractice crimes but also,its practical value in clarifying the scope of
               criminal negligence through case⁃based analysis.
                   Key words:medical malpractice crime;serious dereliction of duty;gross negligence;medical negligence;
               duty of care
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